INTRODUCTION. Xxi 



Zoological Garden of Calcutta received from Mr. Eivers Thompson, c.s.i., then 

 Chief Commissioner of British Burma, a living example of Ursus tibetanus from the 

 hilly region at Tonghoo, in nearly the 19° parallel of latitude; and from this 

 circumstance I am disposed to conclude that my observation in the Kakhyen hills 

 was correct. This species has been recorded by M. L'Abbe A. David from Shensi, 

 and by Swinhoe from Hainan and Pormosa,^ 



The tiger and leopard are prevalent at Bhamo, and equally so in the elevated 

 valleys about Sanda and in the mountain ranges to the east, whereas in the Kakhyen 

 hills the black variety of the latter animal is found; and associated with these 

 species is another but much smaller cat, F. hengalensis, and which occurs in the 

 valleys of the elevated region about Momien and also at Bhamo. The Himalayan 

 species of Frionodon also occurs in the Kakhyen hills, and associated with it is 

 that widely distributed species Vwerriciila malaccensis. 



At Momien, which is enclosed by rounded hills, covered only with grass and 

 patches of bracken, I observed a small yellow fox ; but as I have not been able 

 to determine the species satisfactorily, having obtained only one young individual, 

 I have omitted the species from the text. In association with it, there is a hare, 

 which, for a similar reason, I have not been able to determine specifically. 



In the region of Teng-yue-chow, the Himalayan and Chinese species of Goat 

 Antelopes, N. huhulma and N, edwardsi, would appear to meet ; and on the very high 

 mountain ranges to the north of Teng-yue-chow that Palseartic type Moschus occurs. 

 Cervus porcinus is prevalent at the base of the Kakhyen hills, and on them the cry 

 of the barking deer, C. vaginalis, is a familiar sound. 



Wild elephants, the Singphos or Kakhyens assert, are occasional visitors to the 

 mountains, ascending from the neighbourhood of Bham6 to an elevation of 5,000 feet. 



The Shans of Bham6 are familiar with the existence of a two-horned Ehinoceros, 

 which occurs on the right bank of the Irawady, in the district of Mogoung ; but I 

 could not obtain any reliable information to serve as a guide to the identification of 

 the species, whether it might be F. niger, or the species which I some years ago 

 described as F. sumatrensis of Bell, but which Dr. Sclater considered to be a distinct 

 species and named F. lasiotis. F. sumatrensis, as understood by me, occurs at 

 Chittagong, and is apparently the animal found in the valleys of Tipperah and 

 Munipur to the north, and therefore is in all likelihood the species said to occur at 

 Mogoung. 



1 The bear referred to by Blyth in his Catalogue of the Mammals and Birds of Burma under the name of XT. malayamis 

 as occurring at Tonghoo, on the authority of Mason, is doubtless U.tibetanus, which would also appear to extend north- 

 wards through the Himalaya to Baluchistan and to the confines of Sind and Persia, from whence Blanford at first 

 described it as a new species, U. gedrosianus (Journ. As. Soc, Bengal, Vol. XLVI, Pt. II, 1877, p. 317), afterwards, 

 however, acknowledging the specific identity of the BaMchistan black bear with U. tibetanus. 



