MACACUS. 



55 



In M. leoninus the vertebral formula is C. 7, D. 12, L. 6 to 7, S. 3, and 

 caudal 17 to 18. The caudal vertebrae to the sixth are very short, the sixth and 

 seventh especially so ; beyond the seventh, the segments decrease in length more 

 rapidly than in M. rhesus. Hssmapophyses first begin to show themselves 

 between the fourth and fifth caudals, and can be traced at least as far as the 

 tenth segment. Transverse processes cease on the fourth, and the neural canal on 

 the fifth caudal. The caudal vertebrae have all the appearance, so to speak, of 

 degradation, and look as if they were in the process of becoming reduced to the 

 rudimentary character which they assume in the stump-tailed monkeys. 



The following are the measurements of the main regions of the vertebral 

 column and of its caudal portion : — 



The male : — j^ 



Length from atlas to last sacral along curve of under surface . . 15'25 

 Length of caudal vertebrae 7-50 



The female : — 



Length from atlas to last sacral along curve of under surface , . 13-25 

 Length of caudal vertebrae 6-40 



In the male the humerus is 6*40 inches in length, the radius 6-15, and the ulna 

 6-75, whilst in the hind limb the femur measures 7'20, the tibia 6*60, and the 

 fibula 6*15 inches ; the length of the manus being 4*75 and the pes 6-15 inches. 



Measurements of the skulls of M. leoninus and M. nemestrinus. 



Anterior border of foramen magnum to tip of premaxillaries 

 Greatest lepgth, occiput to premaxilla 



Occipital ridge to nasal process of frontal . . . . 



Anterior margin of auditory opening to tip of premaxilla. 



Breadth between auditory openings 



Greatest breadth behind roots of zygoma . . . . 



„ _ facial breadth across fronto-malar suture 

 Anterior border of foramen magnum to posterior border of palate 

 End of premaxilla to nasal process of frontal .... 

 Breadth of frontals behind tempero-malar suture 



„ across zygomatic arch ...... 



„ of muzzle at base of last tooth 



„ of muzzle at base of front bicuspid . . . . 



Height of orbit 



Diameter of orbit . . , 



Length of lower jaw in line with alveolar margin 



M. leoninus. 



M. leoninus. 



Inches, 



3-13 



4-48 

 3-45 

 3-20 

 2-28 

 2-47 

 2-45 

 1-35 

 2-03 

 1-90 

 3-00 

 1-36 

 1-20 

 •95 

 1-10 

 2-95 



Inches. 



4-00 

 5-30 

 350 

 4-05 

 3-22 

 3-20 

 3-22 

 1-60 

 2-50 

 2-05 

 4-00 

 1-95 

 1-55 

 1-02 

 1-30 

 3-80 



M. nemestrinus. 



Inches. 



5-05 

 6-50 

 3-75 

 5-05 

 3 30 

 3-40 

 3-25 

 1-90 

 315 

 2-10 

 4-12 

 2-20 

 210 

 •90 

 1^20 

 4-60 



* Macacus rhesus, Audebert, var. Plate III. 



Le macaque a queue courte,^uRon, Hist. Nat. Suppl. vol. vii. 1789, p. 56, pi. xiii. ; Latr. Hist. 



Nat. de Buffon (Sonnini), vol. xxxv. 1809, p. 312, pi. xxxiv. 

 Le rhesus (Simla rhesus), Audebert, Hist. Nat. des Singes, 1797, Fam. ii. sect. i. pi. 1 ; Latr. Hist. 



Nat. de Buffon (Sonnini), 1809, vol. xxxv. p. 314; Cuvier, La Menagerie du Mus. d^Hist. 



Nat. 1809, pi. 4; Reg. An. vol i. nouv. ed. Ibl7, p. 109. 



