448 CETACEA. 



mencement of the rectal portion, the lower half of which is thrown into longitudinal 

 folds. 



In the duodenal sac, there are two patches (Fig. 3) resembling groups of 

 racemose glands. The whole of the smooth portion of the small intestine is covered, 

 both over the mesenteric attachment and opposite to it, with small orifices marking 

 the position of solitary follicular glands. Six inches from the vent the character of 

 the mucous membrane entirely and suddenly changes, the line of separation being 

 clearly indicated in the different character of the two membranes : the rectal portion 

 is coarse and more yellow in color, and the pigment of the external skin is prolonged 

 upwards except in the last 2 inches. It is also thrown into strong longitudinal 

 folds, which are marked, here and there, by small openings leading into pits which 

 run forwards along the mucous membrane of the tube. There are also three or four 

 small circular openings which appear to be gland orifices. 



In a young individual about 4 J feet, five glands (Eig. 5), each about the size 

 of a small bean, lie over the course of the mesenteric artery and are in close contact 

 with the pancreas and on a level with the intestinal orifice of the ductus communis 

 choledochus. A gland (Eig. 11, g), somewhat globular in form, and with a diameter 

 of 2 inches, occurs in close contact with the glands on the origin of the mesentery, 

 and reaches also to the mesocsecum, and is closely attached to the end of the small 

 intestine. It so occupies the origin of the mesentery that that membrane radiates 

 from its lower margin, and nearly all the mesenteric veins converge to it and unite 

 in its centre. It is also traversed by a branch of the mesenteric artery. The 

 ' gland, however, consists of two well-marked portions ; one traversed by the vessels, 

 and another eccentric to them and lobulated. The first portion has a dark olive- 

 brown colour, and is soft and of one consistence throughout, while the other has 

 a pale pinkish yellow matrix through which a cartilaginous -like substance of a 

 bluish tint is interspersed. 



The stomach of the Flatanista is so largely infested with the parasite deter- 

 mined by Cobbold^ to be Ascaris simplex that no sooner does the animal die 

 than they crawl in numbers out of its mouth. They are chiefly confined to the 

 stomach, but extend to the intestines. 



The small intestine is the abode of another parasite, which Dr. Cobbold has 

 named Distoma andersoni? 



Pancreas. — (PL XXVI, fig. 5.) — This gland lies in the bend formed by the third 

 sac of the stomach and the duodenum, above the ductus communis choledochus, 

 and at no great distance from the large gland (Eig. 11) that occurs at the union of 

 the large and small intestines, and with which it is intimately connected, as the 

 large vein traversing the latter passes directly through the upper division of the 

 pancreas, and is so large that a probe, fully a quarter of an inch in diameter, can be 

 passed along the vessel from one gland to the other in a young animal. In the 

 same individual the gland measures 2-50 inches in length, with a maximum breadth 

 of 2 inches and a thickness of about 0*50 inch. The general characters of the 



^ Proc. Zool. Soc, 1876, p. 297. " Journ. Linn. Soc, vol, xiii, p. 35, PI. x, fig. 3. 



