CHELONIA. 777 



carotids and iDracliial arteries and then crosses tlie pulmonary artery and the right 

 bronchus. It is about six inches long from the point it bends dorsally to the bron- 

 chus, and it gives off no branches in its course to its junction with the left aorta. 

 The latter, which is also six inches long in its dorsal course before it branches, 

 0-''25 above its junction with the right aorta, gives off two branches. One long 

 branch passes forwards to the left over the transverse colon to the concavity of the 

 lesser curvature of the stomach, and enters the left lobe of the liver, but gives off no 

 branches until it reaches the stomach. The other branch passes forwards to the 

 right, crosses the dorsal aspect of the pyloric end of the stomach and then runs 

 along the gastro-hepatic omentum to the right, and backwards to the right of the 

 quadrate lobe of the liver, to supply the liver pancreas and also the pyloric end of 

 the stomach and duodenal portion of the intestine, sending a few branches to the 

 commencement of the large intestine. The mesenteric branches of the coelic axis 

 arise by a short common tube about two lines in length, from which they radiate. 

 Commencing from above, the first branch is small and proceeds to the transverse 

 colon ; the next in order to the right, two in number, viewing the animal from above, 

 are directed outwards to the duodenum, spleen, and pancreas. The next branch 

 passes to the ileum, while the two remaining and most posterior branches are 

 directed to the jejunum and to the last part of the great intestine. All these mesen- 

 teric arteries thus pass off, anteriorly to the right, and posteriorly to the union of the 

 two aortse. The supra-renal arteries are distant 3*75 inches from the point of union 

 of the right and left aortae, and the renal arteries are 0-58 below them, but anterior 

 to the supra-renals ; backwards to the renal arteries nine small renal branches pass off 

 from each side of the aorta to the kidneys. The division of the aorta into its iliac 

 branches occurs two lines below the renal branch. 



The ovaries in the virgin are narrow bands 0"'16 broad by 2"'25 in length, their 

 lower ends curved forwards. On the right side, as well as on the left, two large pro- 

 cesses of the lung lie in front of the ovaries, as in Batagurs generally, and on the 

 former side, the last part of the duodenum is closely attached to the side of the upper 

 part of the rectum and to the lung. The omental fold from this portion of the small 

 intestine invests the pendent portion of the lung. Prom the oviduct to the rectal 

 attachment of the ligament of the ovary, a delicate fold of peritoneum stretches and 

 is attached along the under surface of the ligament, and can be traced along the 

 abdominal wall as far forwards as on a line with the lower margin of the liver, and 

 which gives attachment to the oviduct, which is 6"-25 in length by little more than 

 C-OS in breadth. The trumpet-hke mouth of the ovary dilates at its free extremity 

 to (f-m in breadth. 



The intestine terminates about half an inch above the arched membrane that 

 passes forwards and downwards from its orifice on to the lateral walls of the cloaca, 

 when contracted closing in the arched membrane that protects the orifices of the 

 ureters and bladder from the faeces. The former arch of membrane when closed 

 only allows of a passage to and from the lateral cloacal bladders. The intestinal 

 recess of the cloaca is thrown into longitudinal folds, while the urinary recess is 



B 5 



