792 EEPTILIA. 



The T. careniferus. Gray, was founded on a turtle from the Moluccas received 

 from the Ley den Museum. The type is now much bleached, and as the skull has 

 not been remoyed, it is impossible to say whether it is specifically the same as 

 T. javanicus, with which Gray^ has regarded it as identical. The head is broader 

 than in T. perocellatus^ Cantor, like which the carapace is covered with large 

 pointed tubercles, which is also a character of T. jav aniens, -to which, inform, and 

 in the shape of its head, it has a strong resemblance. It appears to attain to 

 a larger size than T. perocellatus, Cantor ; and in specimens of larger size than 

 the largest T. perocellatus, it is observable that the plates of the plastron are 

 considerably smaller, and that the rugosities are apparently not developed. The 

 entoplastral piece is not so outwardly expanded as in T. perocellatus, and the 

 xiphiplastra are much more elongated. The epiplastra are widely apart over the 

 entoplastron, as in specimens referable to T. stellatus. It would seem in all its 

 characters to be most closely allied to T. javanicus, if not identical with it. 



In describing the Burmese species, Theobald refers, as I have said, the T. pe- 

 guensis, Gray, to the T. stellatus, YSiY.Japon., Geoff. This variety from Japan, how- 

 ever, was not indicated by Geoffrey, but by Temminck and Schlegel. Moreover, 

 there are apparently two species of Trionyx found in Japan, one corresponding to 

 the supposed foregoing variety of T. stellatus, Geoff., but which is identical with 

 T, perocellatus, which is the T. sinensis, "Wiegm.,^ and wliich appears to have been 

 more recently re-described by Brandt^ under the name of T. schlegeli ; the T. stella- 

 tus, Geoff., and T. Javanicus, Geoffrey, being seemingly synonymous terms and refer- 

 ing to the same animal as T. careniferus. Gray. I have examined animals referable 

 to T. stellatus or to T. javanicus, and I cannot allow that the T. peguensis, Gray, 

 has any affinity with them. 



The other Trionyx found in Japan besides T, sinensis, Wiegm., is a form allied 

 to T. javanicus, Geoff., and which Gray first referred to D. suhplana, and which has 

 been figured by Schlege? under the name of T» japonicus. It appears to me to 

 be distinct from the so-called D, suhplana, Gray, and from T. javanicus. 



I give two figures of this Irawady Trionyx — one of an adult, and the other of a 

 moderately young individual still in the ocellated stage ; and I would observe that 

 in its ocelli and general characters, this species may almost be regarded as the repre- 

 sentative in Burma of the Gangetic species T. Imrum, with its young stage T, oceU 

 latus, the skull having the symphysis of the low^er jaw long antero-posteriorly, as in 

 T, hurum, but with a mesial ridge instead of a fiu'row. I retain Gray's name for 

 the species, viz., T. peguensis, as its use is not likely to be productive of error. 



Head moderately broad and pointed. Greatest breadth across the tympanic 

 region, not broad before the eyes. Tubular portion of nostrils rather long ; upper 

 lip full. Eather abruptly depressed from between the eyes downwards to the 



1 Hand List, Shd. Kept., 1873, p. 85. 



2 Nova. Acta. Leop. Carol., vol. xvii, p. 189. 



3 Bull. Phys. Math, de 1' Acad. Imp. des Sc, St. Petersb,, vol. xvi, No. 67, p. Ill, Gth June 1857. 

 ■* Abild. neucr Ampli., pi. xxxi, 1837-44, 



