10 [Jui'o, 



very caterpillar was before me — lliese arc the veiy beautiful form of N. cameUna, [: 

 drawn in plate 35, fig. 3a, and the brown stick-like N. dictcea, plate 35, fig. 1. This 

 latter much resembles di-awings taken by me from the full grown larva of N. argentina. 

 It is a great pleasure to have so fine a species as N. torva added to our lists, and 

 entomologists must diligently search the aspen trees and bushes in hopes of further 

 confirmation of the matter ; the larva might be quite easily passed over as only 

 ziczac. — E. C. E. Jordan, 105, Harborne Eoad, Edgbaston : May 6th, 18S7. 



The occasional occurrence of Cossus Ugniperda at "sugar." — It is probably '■ 

 familiar to most collectors of Lepidoptera that the Groat Moth is sometimes found j 

 on "sugared" trees. Such an experience happened to me five or six times when I used 

 to collect moths. So far as my memory serves the individuals at "sugar" were i 

 invariably ? . There can, I think, be no doubt they were attracted thereby, whatever 

 may have been their ulterior motives. I shall be greatly obliged to any working |-' 

 Lepidopterist who can state with certainty that he has taken a $ Groat Moth on [i 

 " sugar." Information on this point will tend to establish or crush a theory I have 

 long held as to the reasons for the occurrence. P 



The question is of some importance from the point of view of an Economic 

 Entomologist. Most entomologists know that the larvse of the Goat Moth may often 

 occur in all stages of growth in a particular tree, whereas, from no apparent reason, 

 a neighbouring tree of the same species may be quite free from them. I incline to 

 the opinion that a certain tree may, without being absolutely unhealthy, be in a 

 condition favourable to the requirements of the G-oat Moth. Any comparatively 

 hard-wood tree attacked by its larvae usually "bleeds," and this bleeding can 

 scarcely go on without attracting attention on the part of other female Groat Moths I- 

 in a condition for oviposition. Therefore, it seems to me probable that the Moth is 

 not attracted directly by the "sugar," but mistakes it for the "bleeding" caused by 

 larvae of its own species. This theory would account for the visits of a practically 

 tongueless Moth, as is Cossus Ugniperda, to "sugared" trees. But if the S also 

 occurs, the suggestion is of little value. — E. McLachlan, Lewisham, London : 

 February 1st, 1887. 



Eiipithecia innotata — an enigma solved. — At page 136, vol. xxi, of this Magazine, 

 1 gave some account of a " pug " larva from Artemisia vulgaris, which Mr. Buckler 

 and I could not identify. Mr. W. Warren, of Cambridge, now writes to tell me that, 

 after reading my description of it, he has no doubt it was the larva of JEupithecia 

 innotata. At page 257 of vol. xxii, Mr. "Warren records the capture of four larvae is 

 on. Artemisia maritima; and in vol. xxiii, page 115, is the record of his exhibiting at 'i 

 the September meeting of the Entomological Society two specimens of the moth I 

 bred from these larvae ; they had proved to be £u2ntheeia innotata, so, more lucky p 

 than myself, he has been able to identify his captures. 



I suppose Mr. Buckler did not think of innotata for this reason ; he had figured \ 

 a continental example of the larva for Mr. Crewe, in 1862, but certainly the variety |i 

 submitted to his pencil was not much like that which I found; however, Mr. Warren \ 

 tells me all his four larvae varied from one another in appearance, so that innotata l 

 must be a species of which it is not sufBcient to see a single larva. 



Probably others may have taken this species in the larva state. Mr. Buckler 



