102 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



EUVANESSA ANTIOPA 1. 



BY PROF. J. J. RIVERS. 



This native butterfly has been commonly known as the 

 " Camberv^^ell Beauty." It ditt'ers in its habits in some partic- 

 ulars from those in the genus Vanessa, both structurally and 

 in the habits of the earlier stages. In Vanessa the eggs are 

 laid singly and often not more than one on a plant, but in 

 Euvanessa the eggs are deposited around a twig in a mass like 

 the egg mass of Neustria Californica Pack. The whole hatch 

 approximately at the same time and live socially during the 

 larval stages, when they disperse and form their chrysalids in 

 different situations, which lessens the chances of destruction. 

 The caterpillar feeds upon Avillow and poplar and some other 

 trees. 



If you drive a green willow stake into the wet ground 

 and it puts forth leaves, a specimen of the "Camberwell 

 Beauty" will soon make it a visit, and you will be apt to notice 

 that your willow is being defoliated and that your tree is in- 

 habited by several hundred caterpillars, which are dark in 

 body color with a line along the back, of brick red spots. The 

 caterpillars change in turn to a handsome butterfly as named. 

 In size it is 2.5 to 3.5 inches and is of a dark maroon color, with 

 an outer border of yellowish ; inside of this is a line of gemlike 

 spots of blue. 



This butterfly obtained the cognomen of the "Camberwell 

 Beauty" because it was the favorite of the London collectors 

 of butterflies. Camberwell being about three miles from Lon- 

 don Bridge was famous for its willows, and this butterfly, as 

 well as for its bowling green, hence the well-known locality of 

 Camberwell Green. The groAvth of London has caused the 

 extinction of the green, the willows and the butterflies. This 

 species, however, is still common in France and other Euro- 

 pean countries and is common all over the United States of 

 North America. It is double brooded hybernating in the per- 

 fect state. 



Ocean Park. 



