SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 27 
were afterward subjected to the action of fire, which changed 
the color and rendered them very hard and durable. They 
were valued at from five to twenty-five dollars each. 
During the writer’s travels through the region where these 
beads were made and used, special effort was made at various 
times to discover the locality of this rock, but the Indians 
steadfastly refused the desired information, or feigned igno- 
rance as an excuse. One bead and a fragment found in a 
grave were all that could be obtained, except a few specimens 
of the material in the rough, which occurred as “‘float rock’’. 
Notable exceptions to the general use of soft rocks for the 
manufacture of stone beads for money and ornaments, are the 
occasional discoveries of specimens similar to those repre- 
sented by Figs. 55, 56, 58, and 59 (Plate 6.) The original of 
Fig. 55 looks like purple fluor spar, but is much harder; Fig. 
56, of agate, with a blue tinge, approaches an amethystine 
color; Figs. 58 and 59 are of the same character of rock, in- 
termediate in color between Figs. 55 and 56. These appear 
to have been drilled from both ends by a tapering drill. Such 
beads must have been highly valued in consequence of the 
amount of labor involved in the working of such hard stone. 
Fig. 57 shows a perforated disk of serpentine with a deep 
groove worked around the entire circumference; such a groove 
would be available to hold a string for the suspension of 
other objects. 
Fig. 60 is another fine specimen made of a hard, steatite 
rock, perfectly cylindrical in shape, the hole being uniform in 
size through its entire length, and has three small holes drilled 
through from side to side, across the large opening. 
It is probable that implements of sandstone similar in form 
to Fig. 66, which have been found in graves, were used for 
smoothing the large holes made by drills. 
Fig. 67 is probably one of the same character as Figs. 60 
and 61, unfinished, showing that the hole was made through 
the bead previous to the working of the surface into shape. 
Fig. 65 seems to have been intended for a longitudinally drilled 
bead, but the artificer probably changed his mind and drilled 
it transversely, making a peculiar groove from one hole to 
the other on one side. 
(To be continued.) 
