BRKAKA<;i<; Of EGGS IN TRANSIT. 

 Table 13. — Damage in cars with steel <m<i wooden underframes. 



27 



Steel straw-buffed 

 oar. 



Wooden si raw-huffed 

 car. 



Experi- 

 ment No. 



Damaged 



eggs per 



case. 



Experi- 

 ment No. 



Damaged 



eggs per 



case. 



5114 



5126 

 5131 

 5139 

 5150 

 5154 

 5171 

 5173 

 5174 

 5177 

 5181 

 5183 



3.5 

 3.5 

 3.5 

 4.0 

 4.5 

 5.0 

 4.0 

 2.0 

 6.5 

 4.0 

 3.5 

 6.0 



5117 

 5118 

 5120 

 5121 

 5122 

 5124 

 5127 

 5129 

 5130 

 5132 

 5135 

 5137 



2.0 

 3.5 

 3.0 

 1.5 

 2.0 

 2.0 

 2.5 

 4.5 

 3.0 

 5.0 

 3.0 

 4.0 



SHOCKS DURING THE HAUL. 



This report does not attempt to locate any damage prior to the 

 receipt of the eggs by the packer, although the transportation of eggs, 

 from the viewpoint of damage, includes their transfer from the farm 

 to the shipper, frequently via the country merchant or huckster, as 

 well as the usage to which they are subjected after being cased by the 

 shipper and en route to the consignee. 



There is an opportunity for damage to the shells during the 

 transfer from the packing house to the car, and again from the 

 freight house at the terminal to the establishment of the con- 

 signee. Undoubtedly such damage sometimes occurs, but observa- 

 tions show that it is by no means so frequent as is commonly 

 supposed. A comparison of breakage in shipments loaded directly 

 from the packing house to the car, with only the width of the 

 platform intervening, and in those transferred by wagon from the 

 packing house to the loading platform showed practically no dif- 

 ference between the two. Approximately 65 per cent of the ex- 

 perimental shipments involved a wagon haul from the packing 

 house to the car. The fact that the damage at destination is the 

 same in either case confirms the finding of the investigators that 

 where hauling is necessary it is ordinarily conducted in such fashion 

 that breakage does not occur, provided the package is standard and 

 well constructed. It is, of course, possible for careless handling and 

 hauling of cases between the packing house and the car to cause 

 damage. 



It has been observed that the shocks received by cars are most 

 severe during yard shifting. The relative intensity of shocks re- 

 ceived during ordinary railroad handling are given in Plate IV, 

 showing slow running, fast running, and yard shifting. The train 

 which furnished these records was typical of our fast freight service. 



