BREAKAGE OF EGGS IN TRANSIT. .'',1 



(8) More damage occurs in the top layer of eggs than in the 

 deeper layers of the case, and more in the ends than toward the 

 center. 



(9) When cars are buffed with straw at the bunkers there is a 

 slight but clear rise in damage as the cases near the center of the 

 car. There is also a progressively increasing breakage in the rows 

 as they progress from the middle line to the side of the car. The 

 location of layers is apparently immaterial. 



(10) The load of eggs must be a solid unit in the car, fitting 

 without play. This is the most important factor in avoiding dam- 

 age in transit. Either the step-joint or straight-joint load may be 

 used. 



(11) The amount of damage in properly loaded cars buffed with 

 straw is slightly less thai! in the same, cars buffed with. wood. 



(12) When the straw buffing is placed at the bunkers and extends 

 from the top of the load to the floor of the car, at least 50 per cent 

 of the refrigeration is lost. 



(13) Braces nailed to the car seldom arrive in place. They cause 

 much damage. Self-bracing of the load by means of suitable strips 

 placed below the cases is most satisfactory. 



(14) Cars having steel underframes show a slightly greater amount 

 of damage than those with wooden underframes. 



(15) The shocks incident to ordinary freight train handling while 

 running seldom cause damage in well-stowed cars. The shocks in- 

 cident to switching are sometimes destructive. More care should be 

 exercised in switching cars containing eggs. 



(16) While the haul m wagons or trucks between the railroad 

 terminal and the warehouse or store may be responsible for some 

 damaged eggs, the breakage is ordinarily not more than 1 cracked 

 egg per case. 



(IT) By following good commercially practicable methods of pack- 

 ing, storing, and hauling, eggs can be transported in carlots with a 

 total damage of less than 2 per cent. Under "experimental" 

 handling, where the work is of a high grade, though still following 

 the commercial routine, the total damage can be reduced to less than 

 1 per cent. 



o 



