61 
Horticultural value. The pecan like the other hickories de- 
velops a large tap root, which makes it difficult to transplant. It 
should be propagated if possible by planting germinated nuts. It 
is the most rapid in growth of any of the hickories. The cultiva- 
tion of the pecan for the nut crop has received considerable atten- 
tion in the Gulf States for many years and improved varieties have 
been secured by selection. Pecan culture has proven profitable in 
the southern States, especially when the improved varieties have 
been grown. 
It is doubtful if pecan culture would prove profitable in Indiana, 
since when the cost of production in Indiana is compared with that 
of the Gulf States it will be found that our land is much higher in 
price, labor, which is an important item, is also much higher priced 
and that the crop is more liable to fail on account of climatic con- 
ditions. 
Information from reliable people who reside in Posey County 
and who are familiar with the fruiting of the pecan in that part of 
the country, shows that only about one-fourth of the native trees 
ever bear fruit, and only about one out of every ten trees is a profit- 
able nut bearing tree. While a few trees bear nuts every year, it 
is, however, the exception. They say, also, that the winters in In- 
diana are too severe to make pecan culture profitable. 
2. Hicoria cordiformis (Wangenheim) Britton. Pianur. Pia 
Hickory. Tiacur Bark Hickory. (Carya cordiformis (Wangen- 
heim) K. Koch.) Plate 27. Bark on the trunk thin, tight, usually 
a light gray, sometimes darker, with shallow fissures, rarely sepa- 
rating into thin, short plates; twigs at first greenish, somewhat 
hairy, soon becoming smooth or nearly so and a yellowish-brown, 
often a reddish-brown by the end of the season, becoming before 
the leaves appear usually a light gray brown or the same tinged 
with red; winter buds oblong-ovoid, flattened, taper-pointed and 
oblique at the apex, scales 4-6, in pairs, valvate, covered with yel- 
low glandular scales, somewhat pubescent; leaves 1.5-2.5 dm. (6-10 
inches) long, petioles and main axis more or less pubescent; leaf- 
lets 5-9, lanceolate to oblong or obovate, 4-15 cm. (2-6 inches) long, 
more or less curved, sessile or the terminal one sometimes stalked, 
narrowed to the oblique base, taper-pointed, yellow green and 
smooth above at maturity, paler and more or less pubescent beneath 
especially along the prominent veins, generally covered with glands; 
fruit globose or slightly obovoid, 2-3.5 em. (144-114 inches) long, 
generally 4-winged from the apex to about the middle, sometimes 
the wings extend nearly to the base, more or less thickly covered 
