20 
PINACEZ. Tue Pine Famtty. 
Trees with a resinous juice; mostly evergreen; leaves linear or 
seale-like, clustered or alternate; flowers naked, appearing in early 
spring; fruit a cone or sometimes berry-like. A family of trees of 
great economic importance and Widely distributed, although in our 
area the trees are usually small and few in number. 
Leaves all linear. 
Leaves in bundles or fascicles. 
Leaves in bundles of 2-5, with a sheathing base....... 1 Pinus. 
Leaves in bundles of more than 5, without a sheath- 
IhOYR | OPIS OOP U ME AMO ces SN aire aan AU Atal ele Mieee gas 2 Larix. 
Leaves apparently 2-ranked. 
Leayves:bluish-white beneath. Sees cre eae 3 Tsuga. 
Leaves green on both sides, deciduous............... 4 Taxodium. 
Leaves scale-like, or some of them short and awl-like. 
Fruit a small cone of 8-12 imbricated scales............ 5 Thuja. 
Bruitubernyelike sin inane sa nvous aramtaanie ce. eran mepeweneke 6 Juniperus. 
1. PINUS. Tue Prves. 
Evergreen trees with needle-shaped leaves in bundles of 2-5 with 
a sheath at the base; flowers appearing in the spring, the stamin- 
ate clustered at the base of the season’s shoots, the pistillate on 
the side or near the end of the shoots; fruit a woody cone which 
matures at the end of the second season, or more rarely at the end 
of the third season; scales of the cone variously thickened; seeds 
in pairs at the base of the scales. Some trees of this genus are 
tapped for their resinous juice from which turpentine and rosin are 
obtained. Repeated tappings of the trees soon kill them and the 
supply of trees is fast decreasing. The price of turpentine and 
rosin has advanced more than one hundred per cent. during the 
past twenty years. si 
Leaves 5 in a bundle, 7-10 cm. (3-5 inches) long.......... 1 P. Strobus. 
Leaves 2-3 in a bundle. 
Scales of cones unarmed, leaves about 2.5 em. (1 inch) 
Ia soheeGeeah oe ah taC mrt oAE Rel ieire St ena tee Padua ee aMaNn fle 2 P. Banksiana. 
Seales of cones tipped with a short spine, leaves about 
ly amy (CH inal) Moree oy soo dconwce dose eu euedels so. 3 P. virginiana. 
1. Pinus Strobus Linneus. Wuite Pine. Plate 7. Bark on 
old trees thick, dark reddish-brown, furrowed, on young trees 
greenish, smooth or nearly so; young twigs scurvy-pubescent, soon 
smooth and brown; leaves normally 5 in a bundle, sometimes more, 
7-10 cm. (3-5 inches) long, 3-sided, soft bluish-green, sharp pointed; 
