74 
1. CARPINUS. THe Hornseam. 
(Carpinus is derived from the Celtic words car, wood and pin, the head; referring to the fact that 
the wood was used for the yokes of cattle.) 
Carpinus caroliniana Walter. Water BrecuH. BiuE BEECH. 
Swamp Beecu. Plate 33. Trees with fluted or ridged trunks; 
PLATE 33. 
2) 
‘ 
i 
Za 
a 
oN 
CARPINUS CAROLINIANA Walter. BLurE oR WATER BEECH. (xX 3.) 
bark smooth, close, gray; leaves ovate to oblong, short to long 
pointed, double-serrate, sometimes unequal-sided, hairy when young, 
glabrous at maturity except on the veins beneath, pubescence not 
