105 
vVistribuuon. Maryland to Missouri, south to Florida and west 
to Texas. In Indiana it has been definitely noted only in Gibson 
and Knox counties, where Robert Ridgway says it is common in 
swamps along the Wabash and its tributaries. Several specimens 
of this species were in the herbarium of Dr. Schneck which were 
taken in Illinois just west of the above named counties. It is a 
large tree resembling the burr oak and is not generally separated 
from it. 
The published records are: Posey (Wright). 
Additional records are: Posey (Deam). 
Economic uses. Wood and uses similar to that of the white oalk. 
4. Quercus macrocérpa Michaux. Burr Oax. Mossy Cup 
Oak. Plate 47. Bark on the trunk gray to a brown, deeply 
fissured; the branchlets on young trees developing corky wings 
which are usually wanting on mature trees; twigs at first hairy 
and yellowish, becoming at the end of the season smooth or nearly 
so and a light gray or light brown; winter buds ovoid, round or 
rather acute at the apex, 3-5 mm. (1-1/5 inch) long, reddish- 
brown, the scales nearly smooth with ciliate margins; leaves obo- 
vate-oblong in outline, 1-3 dm. (4-12 inches) long, narrowed at the 
base, rounded or pointed at the apex, 5-9 lobed, sinuses shallow or 
deep, lobes very variable, some leaves are barely lobed while others 
are cut to the midrib, the terminal lobe usually the broadest, leaves 
bronze-green when they appear, becoming firm at maturity, glabrous 
and a dark green above, whitish beneath and covered with a woolly 
pubescence; petioles 1-3 em. (3%-114 inches) long; acorns usually 
solitary, sometimes in pairs or in clusters of 3, usually on short 
stalks, sometimes on stalks 3 em. (114 inches) long; nut very vari- 
able in size and shape, ovoid to oblong, 2-3 em. (34-114 inches) 
long, hairy at the apex, inclosed from 1/3 to almost its entire length 
in the deep cup-shaped cup; cup rounded or gradually tapering at 
the base, hairy within; scales woolly, at the base thin or thickened 
and rounded at the apex, those at the top drawn to a long awn and 
forming a fringe border around the cup. 
Distribution. Nova Scotia to Manitoba south to Georgia and 
west to Texas and Wyoming. Frequent to common in moist rich 
soil throughout Indiana. In a few of the hilly counties bordering 
the Ohio River it does not occur so frequently. It is generally 
found along or near the banks of streams. In point of number, 
size, and value it ranks as one of the most valuable trees of the 
State. 
