147 
petioles 1-1.5 em. (24-1 inch) long, densely hairy above and smooth 
beneath; flowers appear in May; fruit, wine or dark maroon color, 
on stalks that curve upward, the stalks about the same length of 
the petioles, nutlets globose, slightly longer than wide, 5.5-6 mm. 
(1/5 inch) long, 5-5.5 mm. (1/5 inch) wide, covering white. 
This species may be distinguished from the preceding by the 
relatively smaller leaves, many of which are entire or nearly so, by 
the flowers appearing about two weeks earlier, by the nutlet being 
smaller and the pits of the surface not so deep. 
Distribution. Delaware south along the Atlantic coast, west 
through Pennsylvania to Kansas, Colorado and Utah. In Indiana 
it is known only from Lake County near the Calumet River at 
Millers. It is usually found in clumps on the dry wooded sand 
dunes. Generally a shrub and rarely attaining a diameter of more 
than 0.5 dm. (2 inches) and a height of 4 m. (13 feet). 
This species was reported for the State by Prof. Stanley Coulter 
in the Proc. Ind. Acad. Science, 1900, page 143. The form reported 
by Dr. Schneck as occurring on the ‘‘rocky banks of Blue River” in 
Crawford County, is the entire leaved form referred to under the 
preceding species. 
The published records of the distribution are as follows: Lake 
(Hill). 
Additional records are: Lake (Deam) and (Umbach). 
Economic uses. Too small and rare to be of any economic value. 
3. Celtis mississippiénsis Bosc. Hackperry. YELLOW Hackx- 
BERRY. 67. Bark on the lower part of the trunk of mature trees 
covered with wart-like excresences, rarely somewhat irregularly fis- 
sured, bark of the upper part of the trunk resembling that of the 
beech; leaves of an ovate-lancolate type, narrower than those of 
the preceding species, 4-10 em. (114-4 inches) long, entire or oc- 
casionally with a few incurved teeth to about the middle of the 
blade, smooth at maturity both above and below; petioles 0.5-1 em. 
(144-4% inch) long, glabrous or nearly so; flowering season April 
or May; fruit orange red, on pedicels about the length of the 
petioles of the leaves; nutlet yellowish-white, globular, about 5 mm. 
(1/5 inch) in diameter each way. 
Distribution. Southern Indiana south to Florida and west to 
Missouri and Texas. In Indiana it is found only in the south- 
western part where it is frequent or common along streams and in 
the lowlands. It is inclined to grow scrubby and crooked. It is 
medium sized and frequently becomes a half meter (18 inches) in 
diameter. 
