201 
broadly ovate, acute at the apex, cordate to truncate at the base, 
serrate or twice serrate with narrow acute lobes, 4-13 em. (14-5 
inches) long, 4-10 em. (114-4 inches) wide, slightly rugose, densely 
tomentose beneath, tomentose above, becoming scabrous, mem- 
branaceous; petioles 2-4 em. (34-1144 inches) long, tomentose; 
corymbs tomentose, many-flowered; flowers appear in May, about 
2.5 em. (1 inch) broad, stamens about 20, anthers light yellow; 
styles and nutlets 4 or 5; fruit ripens in September, short-ellip- 
soidal to subglobose, scarlet, 1.5-2.56 em. (14-1 inch) thick, calyx 
lobes glandular-serrate, swollen, erect or spreading, deciduous, flesh 
thick, yellow, edible. 
Distribution. Southern Ontario to South Dakota, south to cen- 
tral Tennessee and Arkansas. This typical thorn of the central 
prairie states is best at home on limestone bluffs and is well dis- 
tributed over Indiana. 
A small tree often 13 m. (40 feet) high, with ascending and spread- 
ing branches, forming a broad, round-topped crown. 
Specimens have been examined from the following counties: Cass 
(Mrs. Ida Jackson); Gibson and Knox (Schneck); Montgomery and 
Putnam (Grimes); Decatur, Delaware, Floyd, Henry, Knox, Madi- 
son, Marion, Posey, Vermillion and Wells (Deam). 
18. Cratzegus Phenopyrum (Linnzeus fils) Medicus. Wasu- 
INGTON THORN. ScaRLET Haw. (C. cordata Aiton). Plate 97. 
Bark grayish-brown, scaly; spines numerous, slightly curved, 2-5 
em. (34-2 inches) long; leaves ovate-triangular, 2-8 em. (34-3 
inches) long and wide, simply or doubly serrate, often 3-5 lobed, 
acute at the apex, rounded to cordate at the base, bright green 
above, glabrous; petioles slender, 1.5-5 em. (14-2 inches) long, 
glabrous; corymbs glabrous, many-flowered; flowers appear in 
June, 8-12 mm. (1/3-14 inch) broad, stamens about 20, anthers 
pink, styles and nutlets usually 5, calyx lobes deltoid, entire, de- 
ciduous; fruit ripens in October or November, depressed-globose, 
scarlet, 4-6 mm. (1/6-14 inch) thick, nutlets with a bare apex and 
smooth back, flesh thin, firm. 
Distribution. Virginia to Georgia, Indiana to Arkansas. Moist 
rich soil. Naturalized to Pennsylvania and New Jersey. Possibly 
it may be naturalized at the Indiana station. More knowledge of 
distribution in southern Indiana is needed to settle this question. 
A shrubby tree sometimes 9 m. (80 feet) high, with nearly erect 
branches and an oblong crown. 
Specimens have been seen from: Wayne (Deam). It also occurs 
in the Wabash Valley. 
