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reddish-brown, shreddy, smooth on the branches; twigs glabrous, 
shining, light brown, becoming gray-brown; leaves alternate, broadly 
ovate, short-pointed, truncate or cordate at the base, 8-12 cm. 
(3-5 inches) long; flowers appear in April or May before the leaves 
in clusters of 4-8 on the branches of the previous season, pink or 
rose color; pods 5-9 em. (2-31% inches) long, hairy. 
Distribution. Southern Ontario, east to the valley of the Dela- 
ware River, south to the Gulf States and west to eastern Nebraska 
and Texas. Generally found in all parts of Indiana. In the north- 
ern part of the State it is usually found in rich soil on the borders 
of streams where it occurs frequently. In the vicinity of Lake 
Michigan it is rare or wanting. In the southern part of the State 
it is quite generally distributed. It is frequent to common through- 
out this part; on the limestone and sandstone hills it is commonly a 
shrub, while in the valleys it reaches its greatest size. Commonly 
a small tree, 1-2 dm. (4-8 inches) in diameter and 6-10 m. (20-33 
feet) in height. 
The published records of the distribution are as follows: Car- 
roll (Thompson); Clark (Baird and Taylor) and (Smith); Daviess 
(Clements); Dearborn (Collins); Delaware (Phinney); Delaware, 
Jay, Randolph and Wayne (Phinney); Franklin (Meyncke); Gibson 
(Schneck); Hamilton (Wilson); Jay (M’Caslin); Jefferson (Barnes), 
(Coulter) and (Young); Knox (Ridgway) and (Thomas); Kosci- 
usko (Clark) and (Coulter); Marion (Wilson); Miami (Gorby); 
Monroe (Blatchley); Noble (Van Gorder); Parke (Hobbs); Posey 
(Schneck); Putnam (MacDougal); Steuben (Bradner); Tippecanoe 
(Cunningham); Vigo (Blatchley); Wayne (Petry and Markle). 
Additional records are: Montgomery (Evans); Putnam (Cook) 
and (Grimes); Tippecanoe (Coulter); Bartholomew, Blackford, 
Clark, Crawford, Decatur, Fountain, Franklin, Fulton, Hancock, 
Harrison, Johnson, Knox, Madison, Marion, Montgomery, Parke, 
Owen, Posey, Putnam, Shelby, Starke, Vermillion, Warren and 
Wells (Deam). 
Economic uses. Wood heavy, hard, weak, sap wood light color, 
heart wood a rich brown color, takes a good polish. Not of suf- 
ficient size and abundance to be of any economic i:mportance. In 
the forest it is generally regarded as a weed tree and is removed. 
Horticultural value. It is frequently recommended for orna- 
mental planting where a small tree is required. Adapted to a 
moist rich soil; grows rapidly; shade enduring, for which reason it 
can be used under taller trees in landscape work. 
