259 
rounded by the persistent calyx, the end of the body graduaily 
tapering into a wing which is 1-5 times as long as the body and 
which extends down along the body to the middle or below. 
Distribution. New Brunswick, Southern Ontario and Nebraska 
south to Florida. In Indiana it is a medium sized tree, found more 
or less frequently in all parts of the State along water courses and 
on the borders of lakes and swamps. It is usually found in situ- 
ations intermediate between those of Fraxinus americana and Fraz- 
inus nigra. The bark of the trunk is usually darker than that of 
the preceding species and for this reason it is often called black 
ash. Books and nurserymen call this species green or red ash, 
but no millman or farmer was found who applied either of these 
names to any of the ashes of the State. 
The published records of the distribution are as follows: Frank- 
lin (Meyncke); Gibson (Schneck); Knox (Ridgway); Lake (Higley 
and Radden); Posey (Schneck); Tippecanoe (Cunningham). 
Additional records are: Knox (Schneck); Putnam (Grimes); 
Tippecanoe (Coulter); Bartholomew, Delaware, Gibson, Hancock, 
Hendricks, Jackson, Jefferson, Marion, Montgomery, Parke, Por- 
ter, Posey, Starke, Steuben, Vermillion, Warren and Wells (Deam). 
Economic uses. Wood heavy, hard, rather strong, sap wood 
thick and of a light color, heart wood light brown. Commercially 
not separated from Fraxinus americana, which however, is a super- 
ior wood. 
Horticultural value. It is hardy in our area, transplants easily, 
grows rapidly, and when grown in the open develops a wide spread- 
ing crown. If a medium sized ash tree is desired, this is the spe- 
cies that should be chosen. 
4. Fraxinus Michauxii Britton. Sweii-sutr AsH. CHURN-BUTT 
Aso. Plate 124. Bark rather deeply fissured, light or dark gray, 
similar in appearance to that of Fraxinus pennsylvanica; season’s 
shoots densely velvety pubescent, remaining so during the season, 
becoming gray or brown by the end of the season; leaves 2-4 dm. 
(8-16 inches) long, main axis generally densely pubescent; stalks 
on the lateral leaflets 0.2-1.5 em. (1/16-34 inch) long, the terminal 
stalk 2-4 times as long as those of the upper pair of leaflets; leaf- 
lets 5-9, generally 7, frequently 9, ovate-lanceolate or oval-oblong, 
7-15 cm. (3-6 inches) long, round or acute at the base, usually long 
taper-pointed at the apex, thick, margins entire or with a few small 
teeth, dark green and smooth above at maturity, paler and usually 
densely pubescent beneath; fruit ripens early in the fall a few weeks 
