26 PINACE^. 



27; and J3S pannag, Ezek. xxvii, 17; whicli word our translators 

 have retained ; which some interpret to mean " sweet rich cakes ; " 

 others "rich odoriferous balsam;" and both are, doubtless, correct; 

 for we well know that from pine nuts they baked "cakes," and 

 from pine juice made "balm," and their "sacred incense," and 

 " sweet smelling savours." Some say it means "milk," and that it 

 was the name of the lactescent juice of the India-rubber tree. In 

 our own familiar and highly-appreciated English pie we have the very 

 word itself ; for who amongst us does not know that a good pie is a 

 good thing, being as it is, or ought to be, a condiment of savory viands 

 under a rich crust 1 See we not the same idea in oui word pith ? yes, 

 and in jng, for its fatness 1 



Technicalities used in the Classification and IsTomenclatdee. 



S.D., (SuB-DivisiON.) A cognate family containing few or many 

 specifically distinct species, and of these there may be few, or many 

 quasi-species, vm-ieties, and suh-varietie-s. 



Section, I use as a group of a S.D. having numerous and dissimilar 

 sp/ecies, and which are arranged in sections having some peculiarity or 

 other, as distinguishing one section from another in the S.D. to which 

 they belong. Sub-Section I use after the same manner as section. 



Prototype, wherever used, is to be understood as signifying the 

 most distinct species of the S.D. to which it belongs; and that other 

 c^uatsi-species of the same S.D. have more or less resemblance to it; 

 for instance, in Larix, the European species is my prototype ; while if 

 there be many sp)ecies in. a, S.D. I may adopt one, two, three, or more 

 prototypes : as in Pinus I select Strohus, Sylvestris, Corsica, Pinaster, 

 Pinea, etc., as prototypes. 



Species, as a specifically distinct tree or plant, having one or more 

 well marked and constant characteristics, distinguishing it from the 

 other species of a S.D. ; and which reproduces itself true from seed. 



Quasi-Species, a kind more or less related to some other more dis- 

 tinct species than itself in the same S.D. ; and although not a tr\ie 

 species, yet, as it generally reproduces itself more or less true from seed, 

 it is more than a variety : hence the name quasi-species. 



Variety, a form of some tr\ie or quasi-species, which, in its dis- 

 tinguishing characteristics, generally reverts to the sptecies, and not to 

 its parent, when reproduced from seed. 



Sub- Variety, a more or less altered form of a variety ; which, again, 

 in a greater or less degree, will revert to the tj^ue or quasi-species; more 

 than to its own p/arent when reproduced from seed. 



