64 PINACE^, 



there being two kinds ; so, again, a new idea, two and two, or 

 doubles : — Bino Tata, — Biota, one of the Paters. 



Flowers, male and female, on the same plant, but separate ; males 

 numerous, somewhat oval in form, females globular in form and 

 generally solitary. 



Leaves, minute scale-like formations, disposed in opposite cross 

 pairs, closely overlaying each other, or imbricated in four rows ; bright 

 green and slightly glaucous, or silvery on their lower face ; seed-leaves 

 generally in twos. 



Cones, squarrose, rounded, or oblong : generally having from six to 

 eight scales to a cone, the scales being disposed like the leaves in 

 opposite cross pairs; spiny and leathery; seeds two under a scale, 

 oblong but bulged, and when ripe minus wings. 



In this sub-section we have a numerous and beautiful group of 

 small trees and shrubs, all of them tolerably hardy, and not fastidious 

 as to soil or situation ; most useful plants for ornamental planting 

 whether in town or country. 



Biota OrieNTALIS: The Eastern Arbor-Vitae. 



This is the prototype of the group, a small, pyramidal, handsome, 

 evergreen tree, attaining heights of from ten to twenty feet, and 

 most useful for decorative planting, and garden embellishment. Of 

 its many varieties and sub-varieties, the following kinds include all 

 that is distinct, or worthy of commendation : — Argentea, (silvery- 

 variegated,) Aurea, (golden-sprayed,) Compacta, (compact or fan-formed,) 

 Elegantissima, (a sub-variety of Aurea,) Glauca, (glaucous,) Gracilis, 

 (slender-branched,) Monstrosa, (rustic-branched,) Nana, (the dwarf,) 

 Fyramidalis, (the pyramidal-branched,) Pendula, (the pendulous- 

 branched,) Pendula Variegata, (the variegated weeping,) Variegata, 

 (yellow and green-leaved,) and Viridis, (the very green-leaved;) all 

 hardy and useful as ornamental shrubs. 



Sub. § 2. LiBOCEDRUS : The very Fragrant. 



From Xij3avoiQ, franldncense ; and KeSpog, cedar : its fragrance being 

 so rich that it freely imparts it to the balmy air. 



Flowers, male and female, on the same plant, but separate ; males 

 somewhat cylindrical, females globular. 



Leaves, generally scale-formed, disposed in opposite pairs ; flat and 

 glaucous, and silvery bands on both faces; the tAvo horizontal or side 

 rows of leaves the largest; the opposite or upper and lower rows 

 much the smallest, being very minute scale-hke formations. 



Cones, oval-obtuse, woody, havhig from four to ten scales, which 



