BACCIFER^. 143 



JUNIPERUS PhCENICEA: The Phffinicean Juniper. 



This is of a very sportive character, and it is to be found in many 

 forms or varieties. There is a male and a female form of it ; and not 

 unfrequently both the male and female flowers are found upon the 

 same plant. It occupies a wide range of native habitats, being found- 

 in most of the Mediterranean coasts, the Adriatic, and Jordan shores : in 

 Greece, Italy, Spain, Siberia, and the Levant ; and in a cultivated 

 state in most parts of the known world. It attains heights of from 

 five to twenty -five feet, in form pyramidal, bright or dark green 

 foliaged which is more or less glaucous ; densely branched, and vari- 

 ously fruited ; some of the berries being fibrous and dry in the pulp, 

 some soft and glaucous, some pale yellow, some brownish-yellow, 

 while others are yellowish-purple. This Juniper in its Lycian form is 

 the " Cypress-leaved Cedar " of the Greeks, from which they obtain, 

 most of the " Olibanum " used as incense in religious celebrations in 

 countries where Catholicity prevails. It has also been found in the 

 Oriental regions in an enlarged form ; and it is to be found in cata- 

 logues and collections in various forms or varieties ; and under many 

 names ; for its synonyms are numerous. This Juniper is hardy, and 

 will thrive in any ordinary soil, and in most situations ; and forms a 

 most distinct and beautiful, drooping-branched, evergreen, and ever- 

 pleasing shrub or small tree. 



JUNIPERUS SpH^ERICA: The Globular Juniper. 



This kind was originally sent to us from China, but it has more 

 recently been found in other parts of the world. It attains heights of 

 from ten to thirty feet ; and it is very variable in all its parts ; having 

 its leaves generally scale-formed, and of a bright shining green in 

 colour ; in some of its forms or varieties very glaucous and silvery ; the 

 branches numerous, slender, more or less curved ; the berries compara- 

 tively large, spherical, glaucous and purplish-violet in colour. It is to 

 be found in many forms, and under many names, one of the most 

 common of which is SmWiiana. It is hardy, and will thrive in most 

 kinds of dry and healthy soils ; and forms a beautiful slender-branched 

 vivid green, and slightly silvered-foliaged shrub in this country. 



JUNIPERUS TetragONA: The Tetragonal Juniper. 



A native of Mexico, a dwarf-spreading bush, scarcely ever exceeding 

 two yards in height; having small, thick, fleshy, obtuse, or egg-shaped 

 leaves, which are closely imbricated, and disposed in four rows ; 

 glaucous Avhen young, and dull green when old. The branches are flat- 

 formed and spreading, with numerous branchlets, which are four-sided, 



