2 Arber, Fossil Plants from the Ardwick Series. 



often of three feet or more in thickness, and belonging to 

 at least six different horizons\ In the lower portion 

 several coal seams occur. Both the limestones and coals 

 have formerly been worked at Ardwick, Bradford, and 

 other localities on the East side of Manchester. On the 

 West side the coals have also been worked below the 

 Permian and Triassic rocks at Pendleton, Patricroft, and 

 other places. 



This portion of the Lancashire coalfield has been 

 ascribed for many years to the Upper Coal Measures.^ 

 The geology of this district has been fully described by 

 Williamson^ Binney*, Hull^ and others^, and I do not 

 propose to deal further with this subject, except in regard 

 to the evidence which the fossil plants present as to the 

 horizon of these beds in the Upper Carboniferous. 

 Before dealing with the previous records of plants from 

 this coalfield, I may, however, quote a table and two 

 sections taken from Professor Hull's^ memoir, to show the 

 order of the horizons from which the plants were obtained. 



Upper 



Coal Measures 



(Manchester) 



2,013. 



Feet. 



Limestone series 600 



From the limestone to 



Openshaw coal 600 



From the Openshaw coal 



to the Yard coal 485 



' See Hull ('64) p. 35, and the bibliography at the end of this paper. 



2 Binney ('68)' ; Hull ('62), p. 33, and ('81), pp. 199 and 214; 

 Brockbank and de Ranee ('91), and other papers given in the bibliography. 



3 Williamson ('36). 



* Binney ('41)^ and {'68) ^ 

 " Hull ('62), p. 33 and {'64). 

 " See bibliography. 



'' Hull ('64), pp. 35 and 37. For sections at Patricroft, see Hull ('62), 

 p. 17 ; at Pendleton, see Binney ('41)^, p. 161. 



