4 Dawkins, Discovery of ElepJias antiqutis at Blackpool. 



species, therefore, is to be viewed as a Pleiocene elephant 

 which survived into the Pleistocene age. 



Its occurrence in the boulder-clay at Blackpool can 

 only be explained by the fact that it was picked up and 

 carried down to the sea by a glacier and floated by an 

 iceberg that melted in the sea over the spot where it was 

 found, during the period of glacial submergence as defined 

 by Sir Charles Lyell.* It is a relic of the general 

 destruction of the land surface in the glaciated area of 

 Britain. 



The only other cases of the discovery of fossil mam- 

 malia in the glacial deposits of Britain, known to me, are 

 the following : two teeth of Mammoth found in the boulder- 

 clay of Norfolk by Mr. John Gunn, and now in the 

 Museum at Norwich, and a fragment of the tusk of the 

 same species found in the glacial deposits of the Kirk- 

 Michael shore in the Isle of Man. 



To these may be added a molar of Mammoth in Sir 

 Phillip Egerton's collection from the glacial sand of 

 Sandbach, a second figured by Mr. Morton {Trans. 

 Liverpool Biol. Soc.,yi\\., 1898, p. 155, PI. x.), from Marbury, 

 in the same deposit, and other teeth of the same speciesf 

 in a peaty deposit under the boulder drift at Northwich. 



The chief interest of the discovery at Blackpool 

 consists in the fact that it is a striking illustration of the 

 destruction of the preglacial surface deposits on the land 

 in the glaciated area north of an east and west line join- 

 ing London and Bristol. In that area there are but few 

 cases of any of the preglacial river deposits having 

 escaped destruction. The Forest Bed of Norfolk and 

 Suffolk, a deposit at Bulbecks in Yorkshire, and some 

 three or four cases in Scotland | are on record. 



* Antiquity of Man. 



t One of the molars is in the Manchester Museum, Owens College. 

 J These are considered by Dr. James Lutin to be ' interglacial.' I 

 cannot however see any proof that this is the case. 



