Manchester Memoirs, Vol. xlviii. (1904), No. ?iJ{. 5 



stages, which always form one of the adjuncts to a well 

 appointed shearing-shed, down the centre of which were 

 laid light rails to facilitate the embarking of bales of wool. 

 The framework of this jetty was in this instance built of 

 light pieces of wood of various lengths, but measuring 

 3 in. X 4I in. in thickness. On examination, I was 

 astonished to find all the submerged pieces of wood 

 forming this structure riddled with the borings of this 

 destructive mollusk. According to my observations, 

 T. navalis, the species found in England, invariably begins 

 its perforations at the cut end of a beam, and so at the 

 Falmouth Docks and elsewhere experience has taught the 

 engineers that the life of a beam of timber may be con- 

 siderably prolonged by driving a number of short iron 

 nails in the exposed end of each submerged piece of timber, 

 the rust caused by the action of sea-water tending to 

 keep away the larvae for a considerable time. I examined 

 many pieces of the timber from this jetty which had been 

 removed owing to their rotten condition, and also made 

 as close an examination as circumstances would allow me 

 of the wood -work during low-water, and was astonished 

 to find that in no single instance did the larvae of T. palu- 

 mata commence their burrows at either end of these 

 beams, but always obtained an entrance by small circular 

 openings one-tenth of an inch in diameter, which were 

 scattered irregularly over each piece of wood. On digging 

 into these beams with my hunting knife, I found them 

 riddled with the tubes of T. paluinata, and quite fragile in 

 consequence, but in every instance the ends were intact. 



Leaving Stanley in a small schooner on the 20th 

 January, 1900, I sailed to the north-western extremity of 

 the West Falklands, making my head-quarters at Roy 

 Cove, where I was most hospitably entertained by Mr. 

 Wickham-Bertrand and his family. On the morning 



