20 Pinches, Hymns to Tamtnuz in the Manchester Museum. 



and was the sixth king of the mythical period.* There 

 is no doubt that, as pointed out by Richmond Hodges in 

 his edition of Cory's Ancient Fragments (1876, p. 51, note) 

 Pantibibla (Pantibiblon) is the Greek rendering of Sippar, 

 the site from which, in all probability, the Manchester 

 Museum tablet came. Concerning his successor, Enwedor- 

 anchos,f some details are known, and it is therefore 

 probable that (admitting the correctness of Prof Sayce's 

 identification) inscriptions recounting the adventures of 

 Tammuz may likewise ultimately come to light. 



The general likeness between the hymns to Tammuz 

 already published and those of the Manchester tablet 

 has probably been noticed — the principal difference seems 

 to be, that the latter have no recurrent refrain. Any 

 other departures from the style of the former which may 

 exist are doubtless due to their being by a different 

 author, who wrote upon a somewhat different aspect of 

 the legend, and in a differing and possibly more rugged 

 dialect It is to be noted, however, that even the frag- 

 ments preserved in the British Museum are not by any 

 means easy to translate, notwithstanding that many of 

 the lines are provided with a translation into Semitic 

 Babylonian. Variants in the rendering of the old Baby- 

 lonian scribes are given in the foot-notes on p. 17, but, in 



*Another of his titles, "wine of heaven" (line 12 of the extract on 

 p. 17). may have some reference to Col. V., line 13, but the doubtfulness of 

 the reading in this latter passage is unfortunate, as nothing can be stated with 

 certainty. Another text bearing upon this point is the cylinder belonging 

 to Lord Southesk, referred to in the note (*) above, from which it would 

 appear (if the reading and inferences therefrom be correct) that he was also 

 called Gistin ( = dialectic Mutin), "wine" simply. If he was god of wine, 

 he would be the Babylonian counterpart of Bacchus, but perhaps he was 

 only so entitled as he who brought the fertilizing streams from the mountains 

 to rrigate the plains below. There was also a goddess called Mutin or 

 Gistin, who is explained as " Lady of the plains." 



t Various forms of this name occur in the Greek, all more or less 

 incorrect. 



