GEOGRAPHICAL LIMITS OF THE PHILIPPIÍÍES. 



The Philippine Archipelago was ceded to the United States by treaty 

 signed at Paris December 10, 1898. 



The cession includes the islands in the geographical limits set forth 

 by the wording of the treaty as follows: 



A line running from west to east along or near the twentieth parallel of north lati- 

 tude, and through the middle of the navigable channel of Bachi, from the one hun- 

 dred and eighteenth (118th) to the one hundred and twenty-seventh (127th) degree 

 meridian of longitude east of Greenwich; thence along the one hundred and twenty- 

 seventh (127th) degree meridian of longitude east of Greenwich to the parallel of 

 four degrees and forty-five minutes (-4° 45^) north latitude; thence along the parallel 

 of four degrees and forty-five minutes (4° 45^) north latitude to its intersection with 

 the meridian of longitude one hundred and nineteen degrees and thirty-five minutes 

 (119° 35^) east of Greenwich; thence along the meridian of longitude one hundred 

 and nineteen degrees and thirty-five minutes (119° 35^) east of Greenwich to the 

 parallel of latitude seven degrees and forty minutes (7° 40^) north; thence along the 

 parallel of latitude seven degrees and forty minutes (7° 40^) to its intersection with 

 the one hundred and sixteenth (116th) degree meridian of longitude east of Green- 

 wich; thence by a direct line to the intersection of the tenth (10th) degree parallel 

 of north latitude with the one hundred and eighteenth (118th) degree meridian of 

 longitude east of Greenwich, and thence along the one hundred and eighteenth 

 (118th) degree meridian of longitude east of Greenwich to the point of beginning. 



In the description of the northern limits the line through the navi- 

 gable channel of Bachi governs as against the statement that it shall 

 follow along or near the twentieth parallel of north latitude. 



LONGITUDE AXD BATE. 



The cathedral in Manila is in north latitude 1-1^ 35' 31" and in lon- 

 gitude 120^=^ 58' 03", or 8^ 03"^ 52.2^ east of Greenwich or 10^47'" 55.6^^ 

 west of Washington. 



Spanish maps, as a rule, reckon the longitude from the meridian of 

 San Fernando, which is 6^ 12' 20" west of Greenwich. 



The date reckoning now conforms to European usage. Prior to 

 1845, however, there was a difference of one d-sij. The change was 

 made by suppressing the date following December 30, 1841:, which 

 would have been Tuesday, and calling it Wednesday, Januar}- 1, 1845. 



PHYSIOGRAPHY AXD RESOURCES. 



The geographic and physiographic features of the archipelago are 

 shown as far as they are known on the accompanying maps, and there- 

 fore require no textual interpretation, and the purpose of this publi- 

 cation forbids verbal generalizations. Attention may, however, be 

 called to the seismic map showing regional frequency of earthquakes, 

 and to the map showing the positions of the numerous active and 

 inactive volcanoes. These are based on data collected by the seismic 

 meteorological service established in Manila since 1884. Numerous 

 and destructive earthquakes have occurred in the islands; the earliest 

 recorded took place in 1616, while the most recent was the destructive 

 eruption of Ma^^on in 1897. 



It is believed that the names given on these maps will serve as a 

 standard of reference and that the maps will be for some time to come 

 the base maps for representing graphically the results of the inquiries 

 into the varied resources, and the political, social, and climatic condi- 

 tions of the islands. 



AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES. 



The Philippines are said to be of inexhaustible fertility. All trop- 

 ical fruits flourish there and hemp, sugar, and tobacco, are the principal 

 articles of export. 



MIÍÍERAL RESOURCES. 



The reported mineral resources are sketched in the appended table 

 taken from the Nineteenth Annual Report of the Director of the United 

 States Geological Survey: 



Island. 



Latitude, 

 north 

 end. 



Character of mineral resources. 





o / 



18 40 



14 08 

 13 34 

 13 32 

 13 21 

 13 19 

 13 15 

 12 37 

 12 37 

 12 36 

 12 30 

 12 07 

 11 56 

 11 43 

 11 35 

 11 17 

 11 



10 10 

 10 10 

 9 50 

 6 30 



Coal, gold, lead, copper, iron, sulphur, marble. 





kaolin. 

 Gold. 





Lead, silver. 





Coal, gold, copper. 





Coal. 





Coal. 





Coal. 





Coal, copper. 





Marble. 





Coal, gold. 





Gold. 





Coal. 





Coal, oil, gas, gold, copper, iron, mercury (?). 





Sulphur. 





Coal, oil, mercury (?). 



Cebu 



Coal, oil, gas, gold, lead, silver, iron. 





Coal. 



Bohol 



Gold. 





Gold. 





Coal, gold, copper, platinum. 





Pearls. 







ÍÍ^UMBER OF THE ISLAISTDS. 



Many different statements have been made in regard to the number 

 of the islands composing the archipelago. The cause for this must be 

 attributed to the scale of the charts on which the count was made and 

 the difficulty of distinguishing between rocks and formations of suffi- 

 cient area to dignify them by the name of islands. Thus on a small- 

 scale Spanish chart of the entire group 948 islands were counted; 

 on various large-scale charts of the same area there were found 1,725. 



The principal islands, with the extent of shore line of some of them 

 and their area, are given on the following lists. The areas were 

 carefully measured, but are subject to the inaccuracy of the charts. 



AREA. 



Name. 



Babuyan 



Bagata or Quinalasag 



Balabac 



Basilan 



Batan 



Bantayan 



Bohol 



Bucas 



Burias 



Busuanga 



Calayan 



Camiguin (Babuyanes 



group) 



Camiguin 



Catanduanes 



Cebu 



Culion 



Dalupiri 



Dinagat 



Dumaran 



Fuga 



Guimaras 



Ley te (Leite) 



Linapacan 



Luzon 



Mactan 



Malhou (Homonhon) 



Marinduque 



Masbate 



Mindanao 



Mindoro 



Negros 



Olutanga 



Panaon 



Panay 



Panglao 



Pangutaran 



Paragua or Palawan 



Polillo 



Samal 



Samar 



Sarangani 



Semirara 



Siargao 



Sibuyan 



Siquijor 



Sulu or Jolo 



Tablas 



Ticao 



Square 

 miles. 



36 



27 



38 



350 



21 



26 



1,439 



41 



163 



328 



37 



54 

 71 



680 

 1,742 



117 

 20 



259 

 95 

 21 



176 



2, 713 



40 



47, 238 



20 



35 



287 



1,290 



36, 237 



3,972 



4, 854 



71 



57 



4,708 



24 



32 



3, 937 

 231 

 105 



5,040 

 36 

 23 

 134 

 131 

 83 

 241 

 250 

 94 



Square 



kilo- 

 meters. 



93 



70 



98 



907 



54 



67 



3, 727 



106 



422 



850 



96 



140 



184 



1,761 



4,512 



303 



53 



671 



246 



54 



456 



7,027 



104 



122, 346 



52 



91 



743 



3,341 



93, 854 



10, 987 



12,571 



184 



148 



12, 194 



62 



85 



10, 197 



598 



272 



13,054 



93 



60 



347 



339 



215 



624 



648 



243 



Name. 



Ybayat or Ibayat. 

 Ylin 



Alabat 



Jomalig 



Banton , 



Simara 



Romblon 



Daram , 



Buad 



Camotes group: 



Ponson 



Poro 



Pasijan 



Calaguas group: 



Tinagua 



Guintinua . . 

 Cuyos group: 



Cuyo 



Cugo 



Agutaya 



Hamipo 



Bisukei 



Laguán 



Limbaucauyan , 



Mesa or Talajit 



Mari pipi 



Baluplri 



Biliran 



Lubang 



Ambil 



Golo 



San Miguel 



Batan 



Cacraray 



Rapu Rapu 



Tawi Tawi group: 



TawiTawi 



Tabulinga 



Tandubato 



Others of the Tawi Tawi 

 group 



Total measured 



Estimated area of unmeas- 

 ured islands 



Total area , 



Square 

 miles. 



63 



82 



183 



54 



118, 542 

 1,000 



119, 542 



Square 



kilo- 

 meters. 



114 

 106 



163 



140 



307, 025 

 2,590 



309, 615 



