INTRODUCTION 



A catalogue of animals should serve practically all fields of biology. 

 It therefore should be as complete a listing of all the records of families, 

 subfamilies, tribes, genera, species, and varieties as it is possible for 

 the author to assemble. The nature of the reference is of the greatest 

 importance. A student of zoogeography should be able to find a 

 complete list of the regions inhabited by the various species. The 

 student of ecology should be able to find references to all that is 

 known about the life history, food plants, and other pertinent data. 

 The student of economic entomology should be able to check the 

 histories of those species that are suspected of being injurious to 

 plants. The plant disease specialist should be able to check the 

 current nomenclature of the species that are disease vectors, or are 

 suspected of being disease vectors. Those research workers studying 

 morphology, physiology, or genetics should be able to trace develop- 

 ment in the field of their special interest. And finally, the student of 

 taxonomy should be relieved of the burden of searching for past 

 recordings, and the journals which publish taxonomic papers should 

 be relieved of publishing past records and duplicating synonymy that 

 is already well known. Thus it would be necessary to record only 

 synonymy that has been developed since publication of the catalogue. 



In this, as in other catalogues of the present series, the family is 

 divided into genera which are arranged in as nearly a phylogenetic 

 order as our present knowledge will permit. The species are arranged 

 under the genera in alphabetic sequence. 



The notes that follow the references are generally self-explanatory, 

 but three points may be mentioned here. Such notations as ''[de- 

 scribed]," "[notes]," "[key]," and the like, are intended to be sugges- 

 tive rather than precise or exclusive. The notation "[error]" means 

 not accepted in this catalogue. Usually, the latest published syn- 

 onymy is accepted, but not always. The notation "[comparative 

 note]" is used to designate those references, often of the greatest 

 taxonomic significance, in which two generic, specific, or other groups 

 are compared. All references have been checked against the original 

 save those marked with an asterisk (*), which have been accepted 

 from reliable sources. Every effort has been made to have the refer- 

 ences full and complete, and to give an indication of the character of 

 the data contained. Where the writer knows that reprints have been 



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