xssii SYNOPSIS OF NATURAL ORDERS 



Second Class. GYMNOSPERMS. 



M. unisexual, perianth none or incomplete. Ovules free, not enclosed in an 

 ovary, fertilized by the pollen-tube entering the rnicropyle or a tube formed 

 by the integument. Seeds naked, embryo straight with copious endosperm. 



113. Onetacece, p. 685. Stem and "branches jointed at the nodes. L. opposite or 

 reduced to a short sometimes 3-4-dentate sheath. Fl. unisexual, 5 one erect ovule, 

 integument single, prolonged into a tuhe. Ovule enclosed in a perianth, which usually 

 "becomes fleshy in fr. 



114. Conifer ce, p. 688. Branches often whorled, 1. alternate, usually acicular, often 

 tufted. Fl. unisexual, without perianth, <J : deciduous catkins, with antheriferous 

 scales. Seeds at the base of carpellai'y scales, often forming a cone. Endosperm mostly 

 oily, cotyledons 2 or more. 



115.' Cycadacece, p. 697 (Cycas). Trunk cylindric, sometimes branched, with terminal 

 tufts of rigid, pinnate leaves, pith and hark large. J?l. dioecious, at the apex of trunk 

 among the leaves, 3 in erect cones with numerous thick scales, bearing on the under- 

 surfaee cc globose anther-cells. 9 : carpophylls densely woolly in crowded whorls 

 around the top of trunk, each with 1-5 pairs of ovules on its edge. 



