34 VII. CAPPAKIDACEiE [Capparis 



trunk short, erect, often 4-5 ft. girth, branches numerous, green, divaricating, 

 forming a dense rounded crown, wood close-grained, tough, roots immense, 

 spreading deep and wide. .Leaves on young shoots only, caducous, linear, 

 - 1 - in., occasionally larger spathulate, to h in. long, stipular thorns yellowish, 

 straight. PL 1 in. diam., red or scarlet, rarely yellow, in corymbs on short 

 lateral branchlets. Pruit 2 in. long, i-f in. diam., red, on a gynophore 1 in. 

 long. 



Arid and dry regions of the Western Peninsula, from the Punjab and Sind to Tuti- 

 corin. PI. October-June. 



8. C. Roxburghii, DC. ; Wight Ic. t. 1,048. Vern. Pdorwi, Mar 

 A large woody climber, branchlets finely tomentose. Leaves 2-3 in., glabrous, 

 elliptic, petioles % in., stipular thorns sometimes wanting. PL white, 1A in. 

 diam. in corymbs of 4-10 at the ends of branches. Pruit globose, li-2 in. 

 diam., on a woody stalk 2| in. long. 



Evergreen forests on the Western Ghats from North Kanara south wards, also on the 

 east side of the peninsula (Sriharikota), PL H. S. Nearly allied, but quite distinct, 

 is 9. C. Moonii, Wight : Trimen Handb. Ceylon i. 62, Western Ghats, from Khandala 

 southwards, Ceylon. A very ornamental shrub, branchlets brown, glabrous, shining. 

 Leaves elliptic-oblong, 3-4 in. PI. white 4-5 in. diam., in many fid. corymbs at the 

 ends of branches, peduncles stout 2-3 in. long. Fruit globose, 2-4 in. diam., on a 

 woody stalk. 



10. C. grandis, Linn. fil. Vern. Pachunda, Katarni, Mar. 



A small tree, generally unarmed, trunk thick, short, branchlets and leaves 

 softly tomentose beneath. Leaves 2-3 in., rhomboid-ovate or obovate ; 

 secondary nerves 8-10 pair, distinct, as well as the reticulate tertiary nerves 

 between. PL white, f in. diam., in many fid. corymbs at the ends of branches, 

 pedicels thick, tomentose. Fruit purple, size of a nutmeg. 



Chanda, Deccan, and east side of the peninsula. PI. March to October, Ceylon. 

 Kurz, P. PI. i. 64, states that it is frequent in the dry forests of the Prome district. 

 A specimen marked by him C. grandis, L.,and auricans, Kirrz, is different; the flowers 

 are smaller and they are on very slender pedicels. 



11. C. parviflora, Hook. fil. & Thorns. ; southernmost parts of the Western Peninsula, 

 a large spreading shrub, unarmed. Leaves 2-5 in. elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate. PI. 

 less than A in. diam. on slender pedicels, in 3-10 fid. shortly pedunculate umbels. Fruit 

 pisiform. 12. C. pedunculosa, Wall. Western Ghats, from Matheran southwards, also 

 on the east side of the peninsula. A spreading shrub with stipulary thorns, varying 

 in length, leaves broadly ovate, 1 in. long. PI. A in. across on slender pedicels 1-1J in. 

 long. Fruit globose. Not specifically distinct is C. longispina, Hook. fil. & Thorns., 

 with straight divaricate long stipular spines. 13. C. diversifolia, Wight et Am. 

 Southern part of the Western Peninsula. A glabrous shrub with flexuose branches. 

 Leaves on some branches linear, 1-2 in. long, on others ovate-lanceolate, stipulary 

 thorns sharp, recurved. Fl. purple, 1A in. diam. in few fid. terminal corymbs. Fruit 

 ovoid, 1A in. long. 



C. PL in umbels or corymbs. Eastern species and species common to both 

 regions. 



14. C. sepiaria, Linn.; Brand. F. Fl. 15; Kurz, P. Fl. i. 66. Vern. 

 Katan, Kataran, Merwara. 



A thorny shrub or small tree. Branchlets pubescent. Leaves 1-3 in. 

 elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, downy beneath. FL white, - 1 - in. diam., in many 

 . fid. terminal or axillary umbels, pedicels filiform. Fruit globose, black when 

 ripe, J in. diam. 



Punjab and north-west, not common, Merwara hills. Common in the drier districts 

 of both Peninsulas, Eng forest of Burma. Fl. February-May — Ceylon, Malay Penin- 

 sula and Archipelago. 15. C. orbiculata, Wall. Upper Burma, is a rigid spreading shrub. 

 Leaves |-1 in. long, from a slightly cordate base broadly obovate, or nearly orbicular, 

 stipular thorns sharp recurved, from a thick downy base. Fl. small, in pedunculate 

 umbels, pedicels filiform, peduncles slender. Kurz, F. Fl. i. 64, is disposed to identify 



