38 IX. VIOLACE^E [Alsodeia 



2. A. zeylanica, Thwaites ; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t, 229. 



Differs by puberulous branchlets, the leaves obscurely serrulate, stipules 

 broadly subulate and conspicuously ribbed. 



Evergreen forests, Malabar, Travancore, Ceylon. Fl. C. S. 3. A. Roxburgliii, Wall. 

 Silhet, Andamans, Siam. Leaves 1-1 £ in. stamens exserted, anthers cohering in a cone. 

 4. A. racemosa, Hook. fil. & Thorns. (A. longiracemosa, Kurz, F. Fl. i. 70). Assam, Lower 

 Burma. A small tree. Leaves 3-4 in. serrate, pale beneath, racemes slender, solitary, 

 3-5 in. long, bracts conspicuous, lanceolate, ribbed, anthers free, bearded at base. 5. 

 A. mollis, Hook. fil. & Thorns. Tenasserim. A shrub. Shoots, young leaves and fl. 

 densely tomentose. Leaves 6-10 in., capsule densely pubescent. 



Order X. BIXACE^l. Gen. PL i. 122. 



{Bixacece, Warburg in Engler und Prantl, iii. 6. 307, and a portion of 

 Flacourtiacece, ibid. iii. 6a. p. 1.) 



Trees or shrubs, with alternate simple leaves. Stipules 0, minute or early 

 deciduous. Fl. regular, often 1-sexual, tetramerous or pentamerous. Anthers 

 2-celled, bursting by slits or pores. Disk thickened, often glandular. Ovary 

 one, generally 1-celled, ovules on several parietal placentas. Seeds frequently 

 with an arillus or a pulpy testa, embryo enclosed in a fleshy, generally oily 

 albumen, cotyledons foliaceous. 



The 2 first genera, Cochlospermum (Maximilianectf Mart, et Schrank) and Bixa, in 

 Engler and Prantl stand under Bixacece, the rest under Flacourtiaceoi. 



A. Fl. bisexual, petals 4-6. 



Leaves palmately lobed or divided . . . .1. Cochlospermum. 

 Leaves entire, fl. large, petals 5, contorted in bud . Bixa (p. 39). 



Leaves entire, fl. small, petals 4-6, imbricate in bud . 2. Scolopia. 



B. Fl. as a rule dioecious, petals 0. 



Ovary 2-6 celled 3. Flacourtia. 



Ovary 1-celled 4. Xylosma. 



C. Fl. dioecious, petals with a scale or a flat pubescent gland at the base. 



Sepals connate, filaments free co . . . . '.5. Gynocaedia. 

 Sepals connate, filaments united in a column, anthers 5 Byparosa (p. 41). 



Sepals free 5, petals 5, stamens 15, free, filaments 



glabrous 6. Hydnocarpus. 



Sepals free 4, ]3etals 8, stamens 20-32, filaments free, 



hairy . . Taraktogenos (p. 42). 



1. COCHLOSPERMUM, Kunth; Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 189. 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves. palmately lobed or divided. Fl. bisexual; sepals 5, 

 deciduous, petals 5, contorted in bud. Stamens indefinite, inserted on a disk 

 without glands, anther cells opening with a short slit at the top. Ovules 

 numerous on 3-5 parietal placentas, style 1, filiform. Capsule 3-5 valved, 

 seeds numerous, reniform, with long woolly hairs. Albumen oity. Species 13, 

 1 in India, 3 in Africa, 3 in Australia, the remainder in tropical America. 



1. C. Gossypium, DO. ; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 171 ; Kurz, F. Fl. i. 72. Vera. 

 Kumbi, Gabdi, Hind. ; Gejra, Sahar. ; Hupu, Kol. ; Ganiar, Gond. ; Ganeri, 

 Bhil. ; Gongal, Gunglay, Gulgul, Mar.; Kongillam, Tarn. ; Buruga, Kan. 

 • A soft-wooded deciduous tree, with few thick short branches. Leaves near 

 the ends of branches, palmately 5-lobed, 4-9 in. diam., lobes shortly acuminate, 

 entire, grey-tomentose beneath, petioles 4-6 in. Fl. 4-5 in. diam., golden- 

 yellow, sepals silky, capsules pear-shaped, 3-4 in. long. 



