80 XX. STERCULIACE.E [Stcrculia 



carpels (follicles), spreading, woody, coriaceous, or thin foliaceous, opening along 

 the inner edge. Cotyledons of soma species flat, thin, albumen adhering to 

 them, of others thick and fleshy, without albumen. Species 100-120, chiefly 

 in tropical Asia, one section (Brachychiton) in Australia. 



A. Follicles woody or coriaceous, opening when the seeds ripen. 

 («) Leaves digitate. 



1. S. fcetida, Linn. ; Wight Ic. t. 181, 364. Vern. Jangal Badam, Hind. ; 

 Pinari, Tarn. ; Letkok, Shaivbyu, Burrn. 



A large deciduous tree. Leaflets 7-9, elliptic-lanceolate, when full grown 

 coriaceous and glabrous beneath, petiole 8 in. long, stipules ensiform, caducous. 

 Fl. red and yellow or dull purple, smell most offensive, in racemiform panicles, 

 G-12 in. long. Calyx deeply 5-cleft, the lobes h in. long, oblong or lanceolate, 

 spreading gynophore as long .as or longer than calyx tube. Ovary villous. 

 Follicles woody, scarlet, almost glabrous outside, fibrous inside. Seeds black, 

 10-15 in each. Cotyledons thick, flesh y, albumen 0. 



"Western coast, from the Konkan southwards, Burma. Fl. April, May. Fr. C. S., the 

 seeds roasted and eaten. A widely spread tree, from eastern tropical Africa to North 

 Australia. 2. S. versicolor, Wall. PI. As. Ear. t. 59. Upper Burma. A small tree, leaflets 

 grey beneath, fl. small, in panicles 8-12 in. long, fragrant, first yellow, afterwards deep 

 orange. Calyx lobes J in., indexed, and connivent at the top. 



(b) Leaves simple, palmately lobed. 



3. S. urens, Roxb., Cor. PI. t. 24 ; Brandis F. Fl. 33. Vern. Gular, Hind. ; 

 Kiilu, Karhar, Central Provinces; Tele, Kol ; Karat, Kandol, Mar.; Kalauri, 

 Panch Mahals. 



A large deciduous tree, bark smooth, white or greenish-grey, exfoliating in 

 large thin irregular plates. Leaves crowded at the ends of branches, tomen- 

 tose beneath, nearly glabrous above, cordate, shallowly 54obed, lobes entire, 

 acuminate, blade 8-12 in., petioles 6-10 in. long. Fl. in crowded, erect, more 

 or less pyramidal panicles, clothed with a dense sticky tornentum of glandular 

 stellate hairs, a few bisexual, mixed with a large number of male flowers. 

 £ : Staminal column short, anthers about 20. <? : Gynophore short, thick. 

 Fruit of 4-5 sessile, radiating, ovoid, thickly coriaceous carpels, 3 in. long, red 

 when ripe, covered outside with stiff stinging bristles. Seeds 3-6 in each 

 carpel, oblong, dark brown. 



Subhimalayan tract, from the Ganges eastward. Common in dry deciduous forests, 

 often associated with Boswellia, throughout the Peninsula and on the hills of Bajpu- 

 tana, Central India and Behar. Dry forests of Burma. Fl. C. S. Fr. H. S. Also in 

 Ceylon. 



4. S. villosa, Roxb. ; Brand. F. Fl. 32. t. 10. Vern. Udal, udar, Hind. ; 



Godgodalo, Giilkandar, Pb. ; Sisi, Kol ; Sarda, Kuthada, Mar. ; Savaya, 

 Kan. ; Murutthan, Tarn. ; Vakka, Mai. ; Shawni, Burm. 



A moderate-sized deciduous tree, bast very tough, young shoots, petioles and 

 inflorescence tawny- tomentose. Leaves crowded at the ends of branches, densely 

 tomentose beneath, deeply 5-7 lobed, lobes oblong or ovate-oblong, toothed or 

 lobed, blade 12-18 in. across, petiole as long as blade. Stipules large, broadly- 

 lanceolate, deciduous. Fl. yellow, on slender pedicels, loosely arranged in long- 

 drooping panicles, 5-8 panicles at the end of thick leafless branches, marked 

 with the scars of fallen leaves. Male and bisexual flowers mixed, the former 

 more numerous. Calyx campanulate, outside clothed with stellate hairs. { : 

 Gynophore as long as calyx tube, ovary globose, surrounded at its base by a 

 membranous ring, adnate to the gynophore and bearing on its edge 10 anthers. 

 Follicles 2-5, sessile, coriaceous, bright red when ripe, H-3 in. long, clothed 

 inside and outside with stiff stellate hairs, seeds several in each follicle. 



Subhimalayan tract and outer hills from the Indus eastward, ascending to 3,500 ft., 

 Punjab salt range, Oudh forests. Central India and Western Peninsula. Sikkim, 



