Sapindus] XXXIX. SAPIXDACE.E 191 



of 1-3 distinct indehiscent carpels, pericarp contains saponine, which makes 

 lather with water. Seeds globose, testa black, osseous, embryo curved, cells 

 filled with oil. Species 11, tropics of Asia and America. 



A. Leaflets 2-3 pair, pubescent beneath. Ovary hairy. 



1. S. laurifolius, Yalil ; Trimen Handb. Ceylon i. 306. — Svn. S.trifoliatus, 

 Linn. PI. Brit. Ind. i. 682. S. i marginatus, Vahl : Wight' 111. t. 51 : Bedd. 

 Fl. Sylv. t. 154. Tin Soapnut. Vern. Ritha, Hind.; Aratala, Antaicala, 

 Kan. : Kunkudu, Tel. 



A large tree. Leaflets elliptic, generally obtuse aud somewhat emarginate, 

 at times acute, those of the terminal pair longest, H-7 in., inflorescence aud 

 ealvx rusty-pubescent, petals 1 or 5. oblong or lanceolate, without scales or 

 with two tufts of white hair, disk concave, edge fleshy, hirsute, anthers 

 oblong, apiculate. Ovary densely rusty-tomentose. Drupes 2 or 3, fleshy, 

 slightly united. 



Common "ii the Aravalli Hills, and in the Western Peninsula, on the coast 

 (Sriharikota) and inland, cultivated in Bengal and in North India. Fl. Oct.-Dec. 



B. Leaflets numerous, glabrous. Ovary glabrous. 



2. S. Mukorossi, Gaertn.— Syn. S. detergens, Roxb. Brandis P. PI. 107. 

 Vern. Ritha, Thali, North-West Himalaya. 



A handsome tree, attaining 60 ft. Leaflets generally alternate, lanceolate, 

 4-6 in. long, the terminal pair smaller, sec n. numerous, close together, with 

 shorter intermediate nerves. Fl. /,, in. diam., mostly bisexual, in numerous 

 small generally 3-lld. cymes arranged in a terminal compound pyramidal 

 thyrsus, ramifications pubescent. Sepals ."). petals mostly 4, purple, nearly 

 glabrous outside, with ciliate edges, with two scales at the top of claw. 

 bearded with Long white woolly hairs. Stamens s. long exserted, anthers 

 short, elliptic, not apiculate. Disk complete, glabrous. Drupes fleshy, J in, 

 long, solitary or in pairs. 



North-Wesl Himalaya h i the Sutlej eastward, 2-4,000 ft. Assam. Silhet. Culti- 

 vated in Nbrl li-\\'csi India and Bengal. Fl. May, June. China, cull ivated in Japan . 

 'Tin' saponaceous pulp of the fruit is an article of trade. Similar in appearance 

 but different in the structure of flower Is :i. S. Rarak, Blume, Rumphia, vol. iii. i. 

 n;7 Diltelasma Ttarak, Hook, f.) in alluvial evergreen forests on i he Mu river. Too it.. 

 Upper Burma (Sinpadi, Burm.), Malay Peninsula ami Archipelago, attains 50 ft. Fl. 



J in. iliam. Sepals (5) as well as petals (4) densely >ilk.\ :n 1 k, petals with a densely 



, 1 1 1 . . 1 1 - 1 in -;il -rale parallel to ami nearly as l.in^ as lilaile. Disk semicircular, irlabrous, 

 sulcate. stamen- s. :,., long as petals, anthers short, elliptic, nut apiculate. Ripe 

 carpels usually solitary, ,' -I in. diam., with ■> small undeveloped carpels at the base. 



I I. APHANIA, Blume: King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. vol. 65 L897 . 125. 

 Trees or shrubs. L. alternate, paripinnate, Bometimes unifoliolate, leaflets 



entire, nearly opposite. LI. l-.Vmcroiis, racemose or paniculate. Sepals 



large, petaloid, widelj imbricate, petals I 6, small. Disk complete, slightly 

 lolied. Fr. fleshy, deeply divided into divergent lobes, united onrj at the base. 



Species r_'. one African, tl titers iii the Lhdo-Malayan region. 



I. A. Danura, Km 1 Ik. -Syn. Sapindus Danura, Voigt; Eurz F. Fl. i. 



21 is. Xnihlni. Beng. 



Evergreen, a shrtil i or small tree. L. unifoliolate, often crowded so as to 



appeal- verticillate, glabrous, shining "n both surfaces, entire, 6-12 in. long. 



petiole thick, very short. Fl. numerous, white and pink, | ciitatnei.iis. in 



terminal pedunculate puberulous panicles. Sepals unequal, petals with a 



hair\ scale at t heir base, d isk annular. Stamens 6-8. < > \ ; 1 1 \ _' -lied, style 



bifid. Ripe carpels fleshy, \-\ in. long, generally l only. 

 Assam, Khasi hills, Silhet, Barisal, Chittagong, Andamans. Lower Burma, on the 



