210 XLIII. MOEINGACE^E [Moringa 



radish tree. Vern. Sainjna, Saonjna, Mungna, Hind. ; Shevaga, Mar. ; 

 Nitgge, Kan. ; Moringa, Mbnaga, Tarn. ; Danthalun, Burm. 



A small tree. Trunk straight, attaining a girth of 4-5 ft., bark thick, 

 corky. L. 12-30 in. long, usually tripinnate, leaflets on short slender petiolules, 

 ovate or obovate, pale beneath, sec. n. indistinct. PI. strongly honey-scented, 

 1 in. across, bracts linear, shorter than pedicels. Petals linear-spathulate, 

 with yellow dots at base. Ovary and base of filaments hairy. Pod 9-18 in. 

 long, pendulous, 9-ribbed. Seeds rounded-trigonous with broad wings at the 

 angles. 



Indigenous in the Subhinialaj'an tract from the Chenab to the Sarda, also in the 

 Oudh Forests. Cultivated throughout India and Burma. Fl. January-April, with or 

 before the fresh leaves. Easily propagated by cuttings. Leaves, flowers and fruit eaten 

 as.a vegetable. The root has a strong pungent taste, is used as a vesicant. The seeds yield 

 oil (Ben oil). 2. M. concanensis, Nimmo ; Brandis F. Fl. 130; Hook. Ic. PI. t. 2596, hills 

 of Sind (Mima), Bajputana (Sainjna, Segora, Hegu). On dry hills in the Konkan and in 

 Berar (Gavilgarh Fort, D. B. 1878). A small tree. L. generally bipinnate, leaflets 

 broadly-ovate or obovate, petiolules ^-J in. long, sec. n. 4-6 pair, more prominent than 

 in 1. Fl. reddish-yellow, smaller than in 1. Pod sharply 3-angled, long pointed, seeds 

 with thin membranous wings at both ends. 



Order XLIV. CONNARACEjE ; Gen. PI. i. 430. 



Trees or shrubs, erect or climbing. L. alternate, imparipinnate or 1-3- 

 foliolate, leaflets quite entire, stipules 0. PI. usually bisexual and regular, 

 pentamerous, in racemes or panicles, calyx usually persistent. Stamens 10, 

 free, or lower portion of filaments connate into a short tube, the epipetalous 

 stamens generally shorter and often sterile. Carpels 5, each usually with 2 

 collateral ovules. Fruiting carpel in most genera one only, 2-valved. Seed one, 

 radicle superior. 



A. L. imparipinnate. 



Capsule solitary, sessile, sepals orbicular,, imbricate 1. Pourea. 

 Capsule solitary, stipitate, sepals imbricate . . 2. Connarus. 

 Capsules 1-3 from each flower, sessile, calyx valvate. 



Fl. polygamous, capsule hairy within . . . Cnestis (p. 213). 



Fl. bisexual, capsule glabrous within . . . T^ekiochl^na (p. 213). 



B. L. unifoliolate .3. Ellipakthus. 



1. ROUREA, Aubl. ; PI. Brit. Ind. ii. 47. 



L. imparipinnate. PI. small, in axillary panicles. Sepals 5, orbicular, 

 imbricate in bud, much enlarged, in fruit, filaments connate at base. Capsule 

 sessile, curved, seed more or less enclosed in a split arillus, albumen 0. Species 

 40-50, trojiics of both hemispheres. 



A. Leaflets few, 1-5 pair, petiolulate. 



1. R. santaloides, W. et A. (1834) ; Bedd. PI. Sylv. Man. t. xi. 



A large scrambling glabrous evergreen siirub. Leaflets often alternate, 1-3 

 pair, coriaceous, shining, elliptic- or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, blade 2-5, 

 petiole -1— i in. long, sec. n. arching, conspicuous, as well as the reticulate veins 

 between them. Pi. white, pedicels jointed, with a minute bracteole at the 

 joint. Sepals strongly imbricate, margin more or less ciliate, petals much 

 longer than sepals. Ovary glabrous. Capsule f-1 in. long, base surrounded 

 by a leathery cup formed of the enlarged sepals, dehiscing along' the inner 

 suture and bending outwards, exposing the seed enveloped in the orange- 

 coloured arillus. 



Evergreen forests of the Western Ghats from the Konkan southwards. Fl. May- 

 October. In Ceylon the stems are twisted into strong ropes. Nearly allied are : 

 2. R. commutata, Planch. ; Kurz F. Fl. i. 324, Assam, Khasi hills, Chittagong, Lower Burma, 



