282 XLYI. ROSACEA [Prinsepia 



deciduous middle-sized tree, young shoots and underside of 1. clothed with dense soft 

 brown tonientum, 1. ovate- or obovate-lanceolate, acuminate, sharply serrate, the 

 serratures in young, leaves often terminating in glandular hairs, especially near the 

 base of leaf, stipules linear-falcate, longer than petiole, deciduous. Fl. white, in ter- 

 minal dense racemes 1-2 in. long. Calyx-tube turbinate, lobes 5, petals minute. 

 Carpels solitary or in pairs, one-celled, terminating into long or short styles, two 

 collateral ovules in each carpel. Fr. a drupe, dark purple, pericarp nearly dry, endo- 

 carp thickly crustaceous, quite smooth. 2. M. pedicellata, Hook f., Mishmi hills, fl. ou 

 long pedicels in lateral corymbs. 



4. PYGEUM, Gffirtn.; Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 318. 



Evergreen trees or shrubs, leaves usually coriaceous and quite entire, in 

 most species large glands on blade near the base, stipules minute, fugacious. 

 Fl. small, mostly racemose, sometimes unisexual. Calyx free, deciduous, limb 

 5-6-toothed, petals small, tomentose, often similar to calyx- segments. Stamens 

 10-50, inserted on the rim of the calyx-tube, filaments slender, incurved. 

 Carpel 1 at the base of the calyx-tube, often oblique, ovules 2, collateral, pen- 

 dulous. Fruit as a rule 2-seeded, transversely oblong, slightly didymous, 

 pericarp thin, dry or juicy. Fr. and 1., if crushed, emit a strong smell of bitter 

 almonds. Species about 30, one African, the others of tropical Asia. 



A. Western species. 



1. P. Wightianum, Blume ; Bedd. Manual 97.— Syn. P. ceylanicum, Bedd. 

 Fl. Sylv. t. 59 ; Polyodontia zeylanica, Wight Ic. t. 256. Vern. Mutta Kongu, 

 Neikambagam, Mai. 



A large tree, 1. glabrous, brown beneath, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, blade 

 4r-l, petiole iin. long, 2 or more large glands on the underside. Racemes 

 axillary, finely pubescent, 2-4 in. long, pedicels longer than calyx. Calyx 

 pubescent outside, turbinate, teeth 5, rarely 4-6, petals villous, stamens 30, 

 ovary glabrous, with a ring of hairs at the base. 



Anamalai, Palni, Shevaroy and Tinnevelli hills (Bedd.). Fl. Nov.-June. — Ceylon. 

 P. zeylanicum, Gsertner, with villous ovary, is endemic in Ceylon. 2. P. Andersoni, 

 Hook, f., summit of Parasnath, a rigid shrub, quite glabrous except edge of petals, 1. 

 lanceolate shallow-serrate, racemes axillary, dense, 1 in. long, petals much longer than 

 calyx-segments, ovary glabrous. 3. P. Gardneri, Hook. f. (Pygeum acuminatum, Wight 

 Ic. t. 993), Western Ghats from Mahableshwar southwards, a small or middle-sized 

 tree, 1. glabrous, very coriaceous, racemes compact, 2-3 in. long, pubescent, calyx-teeth 

 obtuse, tomentose, petals exactly like calyx-teeth. Fr. broader than long, 1-1J in. 

 across, 2-lobed. 



B. Eastern species, 1. quite glabrous. 



4. P. glaberrimum, Hook, f., Sikkim, Khasi hills, Chittagong, racemes perfectly 

 glabrous, petals acute triangular, ovary oblique, hairy. 5. P. acu min atum, Colebr., a 

 large tree, 1. coriaceous, midrib and sec. n. prominent beneath, racemes slender, tawny- 

 pubescent, calyx-teeth 6, narrowly lanceolate, petals oblanceolate, stamens 30, long 

 exserted, style as long as stamens, ovary glabrous, a ring of hairs around its base. 



C. Eastern species, 1. pubescent beneath, ovary hirsute or villous. 



6. P. montanum, Hook, f., Sikkim, Khasi hills, a small tree. 1. oblong-lanceolate, mid- 

 rib and sec. n. impressed above, racemes 1-2 in. long in fl., much longer in fr., drupe 

 obliquely ovoid, one-seeded. 7. P. capitellatum, Hook. 1, Tenasserim and Andamans, 1. 

 broadly elliptic, fl. in globose densely tomentose axillary heads. Besides these Kurz, 

 F. Fl. i. 435, 436, mentions : 8. P. arboreum, Endl., Martaban and Tenasserim hills, and 

 9. P. persimile, from Tenasserim, which according to King, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, vol. 

 66 (1898), 291, is P. Lampongtim, Miq. P. persimile, Kurz is a Malayan species. 



5. SPIRAEA, Linn. ; Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 323. 



Shrubs or perennial herbs, 1. alternate, simple or compound. Fl. white or 

 red, in axillary or terminal cymes. Calyx free, persistent in fruit, segments 



