294 XLVI. ROSACEA [Cratcegus 



15. CRATAEGUS, Linn. ; Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 383. 



Shrubs or small trees, often spiny, leaves entire, lobed or pinnatifid, stipules 

 deciduous. Fl. pentamerous, white or red, in terminal corymbose cymes, bracts 

 caducous. Stamens oc . Ovary either enclosed within and adnate to calyx- 

 tube, cells 1-5, 2 ovules in each, styles free; or carpels distinct, the back adnate 

 to calyx-tube, styles central or basal. Fr. dry or fleshy, enclosing one bony 

 1-5-celled stone, or 5 bony 1- rarely 2-seeded stones, the apex of the stones 

 being free. 



A. Leaves entire. 



1. C. crenulata, Roxb. — Syn. C. Pyracantha,. Brandis F. Fl. 208. Vern. 

 Ging.aru, N. W._Himal. 



A large stiff-branched shrub or small tree, evergreen, branchlets spinescent, 

 scattered hairs on youngest shoots and peduncles, otherwise glabrous. L. 

 shining, coriaceous, crowded on short lateral branchlets, linear-oblong, 1-2 in. 

 long, obtuse, narrowed into a short marginate petiole, crenate. Fl. white, 

 carpels 5 free, back adnate to calyx-tube, fr. less than j- in. diam., orange or 

 vermilion. 



Himalaya, Sutlej to Nepal, 5-8,000 ft., Bhutan. Fl. Apr.-May, fr. Aug.-Sept. C. 

 Pyracantha, Persoon, of Western Asia and South Europe is supposed to differ by acute 

 leaves, larger flowers and fruit. 



B. Leaves lobed or pinnatifid. 



2. C. Oxyacantha, Linn. ; Brandis F. Fl. 207. Hawthorn. Vern. 

 Ghunza, Baluchistan ; s Ban sinjli, Haz. ; Plngyat, phindak, Punjab 

 Himalaya. 



A small tree, branchlets spinescent, young shoots with long soft scattered 

 hairs. Leaves from a cuneate base pinnatifid, segments 2-3 pair, oblong, lobed 

 or dentate, stipules large, leafly, falcate or semicordate. Fl. white or pink, 

 carpels 2-3, or 1 (C. monogyna, Jacq.), entirely adnate to calyx-tube. Fr. red 

 (sometimes yellow), enclosing 1 or 2 (sometimes 3) hard 1-seeded nuts. 



Baluchistan. Kuram valley. N.W. Himalaya, Indus to Ravi, 5-9,000 ft. Fl. Apr- 

 July. Fr. Sept.-Oct. Afghanistan, Western Asia, Siberia ai\d Europe. 3. C. Clarkei, 

 Hook. f. Kashmir, 7-8,000 ft. A small tree, branchlets leaves and inflorescence softly 

 tomentose, 1. ovate, deeply pinnatifid. Fr. 5-seeded, with 5 obtuse ridges. 4. C. Wattiana, 

 Hemsley & Lace, Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxviii. (1891) 323, tab. 40, Zarghan range near 

 Quetta, 7,000 ft., a small unarmed glabrous tree, 1. ovate "with 7—9 acute dentate lobes, 

 blade 2-3, the slender petiole |-1 in. long, stipules broad, oblique, i in. long, deciduous. 

 Fl. white, ovary 5-celled, fr. with 5 obtuse ribs. 



16. COTON EASTER, Linn. ; Fl. Brit, Ind. ii. 384 



Shrubs or small trees, unarmed, 1. coriaceous, generally entire, often hairy, 

 stipules deciduous. Fl. small, white or pink, solitary or in corymbose cymes. 

 Calyx-segments 5, short, persistent, petals 5, ovaries 2-5, adnate by their 

 backs to calyx- tube, 2 ovules in each. Fr. small, with 2-5 bony 1-seeded 

 stones. Species 15-20, of the northern hemisphere. 



A. Leaves deciduous, cymes with numerous flowers. 



1. C. bacillaris, Wall.: Brandis F. Fl. 208; Collett Simla Flora fig. 48. 

 Vern. Luni, Haz.; Res, PeosJi, Eefix, Punjab Himal. ; Benang, Kunawar ; 

 Eiush, Ruinsh, Jaunsar. 



A large shrub or small tree attaining 9 ft. girth, wood white, strong, elastic, 

 used for spear-shafts and walking-sticks. L. ovate- or obovate-oblong, 

 obtuse, 1-3 in. long, soft-pubescent or tomentose beneath, stipules subulate, 

 caducous. Fl. white, f in. across, in pedunculate spreading compound many- 



