364 LX. CAPRLFOLIACEjE [Sambucus 



Closely allied, 15. V. fcetens, Dene. Himalaya 5-11,000 ft. Kashmir-G-arliwal. 

 Glabrous, 1. elliptic, serrate, blade 4-6, pet. f-1 in. long, sec. n. distant 6-8 pair. Fl. 

 scented, branches fetid when bruised. Drupe J-j in., edible. 



5. SAMBUCUS, Linn. ; M. Brit. Ind. iii. 2. 



Tall herbs, shrubs or trees, pith large. L. large, imparipinnate, .often 

 stipulate, leaflets serrate. EL small, regular, in compound bracteate corymbs. 

 Calyx-limb 3-5-toothed, corolla rotate or broadly campanulate, 3-5-cleft, 

 stamens 5. Ovary 3-5-celled, one pendulous ovule in each cell. Drupe 

 crowned by the calyx-teeth, 3-5-celled, endocarp cartilaginous. Species 

 15-20, Northern Hemisphere, 2 in Australia and 1 in South America. 



1. S. Ebulus, Linn. Dwarf Elder. Vern. Gandal, Gandala, Chenab. Kashmir 

 6-10,000 ft. Europe. North Africa. Western Asia. Gregarious, large herbaceous 

 stems, from a perennial rootstock, 1. fetid when bruised, leaflets 3-5 pair, oblong 

 lanceolate, stipules foliaceous often pinnatilobed. Inflorescence glabrous, fl. white, 

 pink or dark lilac. Drupe purple. 2. S. adnata, Wall. Nepal. Sikkim 5-10,000 ft. 

 China. A shrub, 1. often bipinnate, stipules small or 0, leaflets nearly sessile, often 

 decurrent and adnate torachis, inflorescence hairy. Drupe red. 3. S. javanica, Blunie. 

 Sikkim 4-8,000 ft., common in second growth. Assam. Khasi hills. Maimansingh 

 (iS. Thunbergiana, Blume, Knrz F. El. ii. 3. Kachin hills, Upper Burma, is this species). 

 China, Japan. A shrub or small tree, leaflets oblong or oblong-lanceolate, blade 4-8, 

 pet. £-J in., stipules small or 0. Inflorescence puberulous or almost villous. Fl. white, 

 drupe black. 



Order LXI. RUBIACE^l. Gen. PI. ii. 7. 



Trees, shrubs or herbs, rarely climbers, 1. opposite or whorled, stipules inter- 

 petiolar, sometimes intrapetiolar. Corolla gamopetalous inserted round the 

 epigyaous disk, lobes usually 4-5. Stamens inserted in the corolla-tube, 

 alternating with its lobes, anthers dorsifixed, cells 2 parallel, dehiscing longi- 

 tudinally. Ovary wholly inferior, usually 2-celled, ovules 1 or more in each 

 cell. Embryo in a copious, rarely thin, fleshy or horny albumen. 



In most genera the wood fibres have bordered pits; exceptions are: Guettarda, 

 Hamiltonia, Leptodermis, Pwderia, Morinda, Damncwanthus, JPsi/ckotria, Chasalia. 



I. NauclecE. — Fl. collected into dense globose heads. Corolla funnel-shaped, stigma 

 simple. Fruit 2-celled, pericarp thin, more or less fleshy, endocarp cartilaginous. 

 Erect trees or shrubs. 



Ovaries confluent ; fruits forming a globose fleshy 



mass ......... 1. Sakcocephalus. 



Ovaries free, common receptacle often fleshy in fruit. 



Ovary 2-celled, ovules solitary in each cell . 2. Cephalanthus. 

 Ovary 4-celled in the upper part, ovules 



numerous 3. Anthocephalus. 



Ovaries free, common receptacle usually dry in fruit. 

 Stigma clavate, fl. mixed with numerous filiform 



bracteoles . . . . . . .4. AniNA. 



Stigma globose or ovoid, corolla lobes imbricate 5. Nauclea. 

 Stigma mitraeform, corolla-lobes valvate . . 6. Stephegyne. 

 Climbers with hooked peduncles, bracteoles . .7. Uncaria. 



II. Cinchonem. — Ovules numerous, capsule 2-celled, seeds winged. 

 Corolla-lobes valvate, large foliaceous reticulate persistent bracts. 



Style entire, trees or large shrubs . . . .8. Hymenodictyon. 



Style bifid, small epiphytic shrubs . . . Hymenopogon (p. 372). 



Corolla-lobes valvate, lobes fringed . . . .9. Cinchona. 



Corolla-lobes imbricate, style 2-fid . . . .10. Luculia. 



III. HondeJetiece. — Ovules numerous, capsule 2-celled, seeds angular, not winged, corolla- 

 lobes imbricate or twisted. 



Fl; in trichotomous panicles 11. Wendlandia. 



Fl. in scorpoid cymes 12. Greenea. 



