Canthium] LXI. RUBIACEjE 385 



19: CANTHIUM, Lam.: Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 131. 

 (JPlectronia, Sec. II. Canthium, Schumann in Eugler u. Prautl iv. 4. 92.) 



Shrubs, erect or climbing, stipules connate. Fl. small, in axillary fascicles 

 or peduncled compound cymes, calyx-tube shortly produced beyond ovary, 

 corolla-tube shorter than, as long as, or rarely longer than lobes, throat villous, 

 lobes valvate in bud, at length reflexed. Ovary 2-celled, stigma large, usually 

 ribbed, ovule one, attached to the upper part of the cell. Drupe with thin 

 pericarp, endocarp 2-celled more or less woody. Seeds oblong, testa mem- 

 branous, albumen fleshy, embryo nearly as long as seed. Species about 70, 

 tropics of the Old World. 



A. Unarmed, fl. 5-merous. 



1. C. didymum, Roxb.: Bedd. F. Sylv. t. 221.— Syn. C. umbellatum, 

 ■\Yiglit Ic. t. 1034. Vern. Nalla lialsu. Naikinna, Nakkareni, Tel.; Myauk- 

 Iriniiij, Upper Burma. 



A small or middle-sized evergreen tree with deep-green foliage, branchlets 

 often angular, wood hard, even grained. L. coriaceous, glabrous, glossy, 

 elliptic, blade 4-6, narrowed into a stout petiole \ in. long. Fl. white, fra- 

 grant, in compact axillary many-fid. often umbelliform cymes, sessile on a short 

 stout peduncle. Corolla-tube cylindric, J-J in. long, a little longer than the 

 reflexed lobes, anthers slightly, st3 - le usually long exserted. Drupes more or 

 less didymous, on long slender pedicels, purple, \-h in. long. 



Western chat- from Kandala southwards, chiefly in evergreen forests. Nilgiris. 

 Common on the hills of the Salem and adjoining districts. Northern Circars, Orissa. 

 Upper l!iiriiia.iii Engdaing (fl. umbellate, stigma very little exscited). Mergui. Fl. 

 Nov.-Mav. — (Vvlon, low mt it to i.lKIU ft., <> nmin m : large beaked leaf galls frequent 



cm the young branches. -Malay Peninsula and Archip. China. Very variable, the 

 structure of endocarp not uniform, should be studied. 2. C. Kingii, Hook. f. (vav.). 

 Sikkim 1,51X1 ft. L. elliptic-lanceolate, caudate-acuminate, ii. in pedunculate umbels, 

 corolla-tube } in. long much widened upwards, lobes barely half the length of tube. 

 3. C. pergTaoile, Bourdillon in Journ. Bom hay Nat. Hist. Soc. xii. 352, t. 5, a tall graceful 



1 ree, in evergreen forest Travancoreat low elevations. I. very glossy, lanceolate caudate- 

 acuminate, fl. yellowish-green, in shortly peduncled umbelliform cymes, corolla-tube 

 ^ in. long, as long as lobes, fr, :|-1 in. diam., endocarp thick, woody, ribbed. 4. c. 

 neilgherrense, Wight Ic . t. 1064 bis. Nilgiri and Palni hills. L. elliptic, or ovate, 

 often hairy beneath, fl. few in small axillary nearly sessile urn I ids. Fr. cream-coloured, 

 obovale, succulent. 5. C. flciforme, Hook. f. Shevagherry hills. 1. thickly coriaceous, 

 .living black, fr. 1-1} in. long, compressed, narrowed into pedicel k in. long, enclosing 



2 bard bony irregularly furrowed nuts. 



ii. C. glabrum, Blume (JPlectronia glabra, Kurz F. Fl. ii. 35). Southern spurs of the 

 Pegu Yoma. Tenasserim. Malay Peninsula. Java. A small evergreen tree, I. 

 glabrous, ovate-oblong, blade 5-7, ]pet. A in. long. Fl. in shortly peduncled, often lax 

 axillary cymes, corolla-tube equal to lobes, ^ in. long, fr. jj-1 in. long, enclosing two 



si i h trigonous stones, 



B. Unarmed, fl. 4-merous. 



7. C. travancoricum, Bedd. Ic. PI. Ind. Or. I.2:l!»i I'h-ctronia). Tinnevelli and Travan- 

 core (Jhnis. a middle-sized tree, 1. membranous, glabrous, ovate, acuminate, blade 2. 

 pet. J in. long, stipules from a broad base narrowed into a long subulate point. Fl. 

 very small, in lax pedunculate cymes with slender rami neat ions, corolla ,i, in., lobes as 

 long as tube. 8. 0. graellipea, Kurz F. Fl. ii. 86 Plectroi Ajidamans, frequent. A 



shrub, branchiets thinly pubescent, I. membranous, elliptic to oblong-Ian late, 



stipules, petioles and nerves finely hairy. Fl. verj small, on long slender fascicled 

 pedicels, fr. k in. across, 



( '. Armed, fl, mostly 5-merous. 



'.*. C. parviflorum, Lamk. ; Roxb. Cor. PI, t. 51. Vern. Kirtia, KadbUr, 

 Mar. ; Balasu, Tel. 



c c 



