386 LXI. RUBIACEtE [Canthium 



A rigid shrub, branches stiff spreading, spines numerous, axillary or supra- 

 axillary, straight, stout and sharp, -wood hard, close-grained. L. glabrous, 

 elliptic, obovate or orbicular i-2 in. long, stipules small with long cuspidate 

 points. Fl. 4-merous, yellowish, in many-fld. peduncled cymes, calyx-teeth 

 minute, corolla-tube broad-campanulate, -^ in. long, a little longer than lobes, 

 stigma globose, tuberculate. Fr. yellow, edible, enclosing two hard stones. 



Wardha valley, Nizam's territory and southwards throughout the drier districts of 

 the Western Peninsula. Common in the semi-evergreen scrub near the Coromandel 

 coast. Fl. chiefly K. S. hut also at other times. Ceylon, dry region. 10. C. angusti- 

 folium, Eoxb. — Syn. C. Leschenaultii, Wight et Arn. ; Wight Ic. t. 826. Silhet, 

 Sundrihan, Chittagong. Peninsula, chiefly on the west side. A scandent shrub with 

 slender spinescent stems. L. chartaceous, shining, ovate; acuminate or ovate-lance- 

 olate, blade 1-3, pet. ^-J in. long, spines axillary, straight or curved. 

 Calyx-teeth minute, corolla-tube short, lobes lanceolate, acuminate, forming a long 

 point in bud. Style hairy. 11. C. Kheedii, DC. Peninsula, Ceylon, may possibly only 

 be a pubescent variety. 12. C. parvifolium, Eoxb. Khasi hills, Chittagong, Pegu. A 

 rigid spreading shrub, spines straight, sharp, branchlets and leaves softly hairy, 

 fr. I in. diam. 13. C. horridum, Blume, differs from 12 by short compressed hooked 

 spines and much larger fr. 



Vangueria spinosa, Eoxb., including V. jmbescens, Kurz. Sikkim Terai, along road- 

 sides (Gamble). Jowai, Khasi hills (D. B. May, 1879). Lower Bengal. Burma, Upper 

 and Lower. Deciduous forests of the Peninsula. Java. A small thorny tree, 1. 

 membranous ovate or ovate-lanceolate, glabrous or tomentose, blade 2-i, pet. J-l in. 

 long, stipules early deciduous. Fl. pentamerous, greenish, calyx-segments from a 

 triangular base linear, nearly as long as the 5-celled ovary, corolla-lobes acuminate. 

 Drupe yellow, A-l in. diam., fleshy, edible, with 4-5 smooth hard 1-seeded stones. 

 2. V. edulis, Vahl, a native of Madagascar, cultivated in India on account of its fruit, 

 unarmed, 1. elliptic 4-8 in. long. 



Timonius Jambosella, Thw. ; Bedd. Ic. PI. Ind. Or. 1. 190. — Syn. Polypliragmon flavescens, 

 Kurz. Andamans, Kicobars. Ceylon. Malay Penins. and Archip. A small evergreen 

 tree, 1. thinly coriaceous, pale and silky beneath, blade 3-5, pet. \ in. long. Fl. 

 supported by 2 small bractlets, polygamous, sterile in pedunculate cymes, fertile 

 solitary or 3 together on long slender peduncles, tetramerous, corolla tubular, pubescent 

 outside, longer (i in.) in the sterile fl., lobes valvate, ovary 8-12-celled, one pendulous 

 ovule in each cell, style with 4 or more branches. Drupe globose, \-\ in. diam., lobed 

 or ribbed, enclosing 8-12 compressed pyrenes, seed with scanty albumen, embryo long. 



Guettarda speeiosa, Linn. ; Bedd. Manual t. xvii. Litoral and tidal forests of the 

 Andamans. Scarce on the coast of the Western Peninsula, often cultiv. in gardens. 

 Ceylon (rare on the coast). Sea coast within the tropics. A small tree, branchlets 

 stout, pubescent, marked with leaf-scars. L. crowded at the ends of branchlets, obo- 

 vate, pubescent, chiefly beneath, blade 6-10, pet. J-1J in. long, stipules ovate deciduous. 

 Fl. polygamous, 5-9-merous, white, sweet scented, nearly sessile, crowded on the short 

 arms of a pubescent cyme, peduncles 1A-3 in., from the scars of fallen 1. Calyx velvety, 

 limb tubular, indistinctly toothed, corolla velvety outside, glabrous within, tube 

 1-li in. long, anthers included. Ovary 4-9-eelled, one pendulous ovule in each cell. 

 Drupe depressed globose, J in. diam., stone woody with 5-9 angles and as many cells. 



20. OCTOTROPIS, Bedd.; Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 131. 



Shrubs, fl. 4- or 5-merous, in pedunculate cymes. Corolla-tube cylindric, 

 widened upwards, lobes longer than half the tube. Anthers and style exserted, 

 style ribbed, stigma bifid at top. Ovary 2-celled. dissepiment very thin dis- 

 appearing early, ovules 2 pendulous from the top of the cell. Species 2. 



1. 0. travancorica, Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 327 ; Manual 134/12. Wainad (4,500-5,500 ft.). 

 Shevagherri hills. Tinnevelli and Travancore Ghats, evergreen forest, 1-5,000 ft. 

 A large shrub or small tree, 1. chartaceous, glabrous, ovate-lanceolate, blade 4-6, 

 pet. \ in. long. Fl. white, each supported by 2 appressed bracteoles, cymes bracteate 

 on long filiform peduncles, corolla-tube J in., anthers apiculate. Fr. ellipsoid, § in. 

 long, seeds 1 or 2, albumen horny. 2. 0. terminalis, C. B. Clarke, Journ. Linn. Soc. xxv. 

 33, t. 17. Nambar forest, Assam. Cymes fasciculate in the axils of the uppermost 1., 

 corolla-tube f in. long, anthers included (doubtfully referred to this genus). 



