422 LXVIII. SAPOTACE.E [Sideroxylon 



Young shoots and young 1. of most Sapotacece are clothed with fine, often minute 

 unicellular hairs, which, as a rule, are attached in the middle and hence are two-armed. 

 Another feature are strings of cells filled with a milky substance, which in some species 

 yields the Gutta Percha of commerce, accompanying the vascular bundles in the bark 

 and leaves. The wood is readily recognized b3' numerous narrow, often very fine, more or 

 less concentric bands of wood parenchyma, and frequently by radial irregular belts of 

 parenchyma surrounding the vessels. The pits in the walls of wood fibres are simple, 

 Jiot bordered. The heartwood is generally red. 



A. Ovary 4-12-celled. 



I. Calyx-segments, corolla-lobes and stamens isomerous. 

 Calyx-segments 5, similar. 



Staminodes alternating with stamens . . .1. Sideroxylon. 



No staminodes 2. Chrysophyixum. 



Calyx-segments 6, three larger, forming an 



outer circle Achras (p. 424). 



II. Stamens twice, sometimes three times the number of calyx-segments and 

 corolla-lobes. 



Calyx-segments 4 3. Isonandra. 



Calyx-segments 6 4. Palaquiuji. 



III. Corolla-lobes twice or thrice the number of calyx-segments. 

 Calyx-segments in 2 series, staminodes alter=- 



nating with stamens 5. Mimusops. 



Calyx-segments imbricate, no staminodes. 



Fl. many usually near the ends of branches, 



albumen 6. Bassia. 



PI. few, in axillary clusters, seeds albu- 

 minous Payexa (p. 427). 



B. Ovary 1-2-celled, fl. in axillary panicles . . .7. Sarcosperma. 



C. Ovary 1-celled, fl. in axillary clusters, filaments long. 



A spinescent shrub or tree Reptonia (p. 427). 



1. SIDEROXYLON, Linn.; El. Brit. Ind. iii. 536. 



Evergreen trees, stipules 0. Cabyx-seginents 5, strongly imbricated. 

 Staminodes broad-ovate or lanceolate. Ovary villous, as a rule 5-celled. 

 Berry usually 4-5-seeded. Seeds albuminous, testa bard. Species 60-80, 

 tropics of tbe Old World, a few beyond the tropics. 



A. Fl. large, corolla ^ in. and longer, filaments sbort. 



(a) Branchlets and underside of 1. pubescent. 



1. S. tomentosum, Roxb. Cor. PI. t. 28. — Syn. Sapota ciengoides, Wight 

 Ic. t. 1218; Achras elengoides, Bedd. El. Sylv. t. 235; Kumbul, Kanta 

 Kumla.M&r. : Kilmjpoli, ILan. ; Pala, Tarn. ; Holay, Badaga ; Thitcho, Burm. 



A small, -occasionally a large tree, branchlets often spinescent. Young 

 shoots, petioles, underside of 1., pedicels and calyx grey- or tawny-tomentose. 

 L. thinly coriaceous, from a cuneate base, elliptic or obovate, blade 2-3, 

 pet. {-^ in. Pedicels \-\ in.., corolla white, J in. long, style twice the length 

 of corolla. Berry tomentose when young, yellow when rrpe, f-1 in. long. 



"Western Peninsula, on the east and west side. Common in the Sholas of the 

 Nilgiris and in the evergreen forests of the Bombay Ghats. Upper Burma. Fl. 

 Jan-March (on the Nilgiris throughout the year). A variable species, Burma 

 specimens (Smales, dry deciduous Forest Shwebo district) have the 1. obtusely obovate, 

 membranous in fl. thickly coriaceous in fr. 



2. S. assamicum, C. B. Clarke. Assam, Cachar. Branchlets, petioles and (usually) 

 underside of 1. rusty-pubescent. L. elongate-elliptic, blade 3-6, pet. J-J in. long, sec. n. 

 conspicuous beneath. 



(b) Branchlets and underside of 1. glabrous or nearly so. 



3. S. Hookeri, C. B. Clarke ; Sikkim 5-6,000 ft. Bhutan. L. elliptic-lanceolate, blade 

 5-7,' pet. J in., sometimes with long thin scattered hairs along the midrib, sec. n. promi- 

 nent, pedicels as long as fl., silky as well as calyx, corolla \ in. long, staminodes linear- 

 lanceolate, densely hairy. To this I refer a small tree, 20 ft. (Thitcho, Burm.), fl. white, 

 near villages 800 ft. Scliwebo district, Upper Burma (Smales, March 1900), 1. smaller, 

 sec. n. less conspicuous. 4. S. burmanicum, Coll. et Hemsl. in Joum. Linn. Soc. xxviii. 



