Dcedalacanthus] LXXXI. ACANTHACEJE 499 



lobes obovate, twisted in bud. Stamens 2, anthers not spurred. Seeds 4 

 finely hairy. Species 17, Indn-Malayan region. 



A. Lower half of corolla-tube cylindric. upper half ventricose. 



1. D. splendens, T. And. Sikkim. Sal anil lower Hill forests, ascending to 2,000 fr. 

 Upper Burma. L. entire or nearly so. spikes 3-12 in. long, bracts obovate, nerves 

 ilark green. Corolla li in., purple or brick red. 



B. Corolla-tube slender, narrowly cylindric. 



2. D. nervosus, T. And. Subhimalayan tract and outer valleys from the Sutlej east- 

 wards, often as underwood under Sal. Assam Silhet, Barisal. Ohutia Nagpur. L. 

 crennlate, spikes 1-3 in. long, in dense terminal panicles, bracts elliptic, shortly acumi- 

 nate nol ciliate. pale, almost white, nervesgreen, corolla bright blue. 3. D. purpurascens, 

 T. And. — Syn. Justicia pulcheVa, Boxb. Cor. PI. t. 177. Assam. Behar. Singbhum 

 Sambalpur. ('handa. Belgaum. North Kanara. Similar to 2. spikes few, long 

 pedunculate, bracts ovate-lanceolate, long acuminate, ciliate. corolla lilac or pale blue. 



4. D. tetragonus, T. And. Upper and Lower Burma. L. lanceolate, nearly entire, 

 spikes hairy, dense, oblong, bracts oblanceolate, green, clothed with long hairs, corolla 

 purplish-blue, tube 1-1?. in. long. 



Tetalidium barlerioides, Nees. Subhimalayan tract from the Jumna to the Great 

 Gandak. Behar. Singbhum in Sal forests. Central Provinces (dense underwood in 

 the Teak forests of Ahiri). Ganjam and the Northern Deccan. A gregarious shrub, 

 bark exfoliating in long papery strips (Hole), fl. yellowish-white, solitary or on short 

 leafy racemes, each fl. supported by a pairof large scarious, elliptic acuminate, strongly 

 veined bracteoles $ in. long. 



5. STROBILANTHES, Blume : Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 129. 



Herbs or shrubs, often gregarious. The 1. of the same pair often unequal, 

 cystolith cells linear, broader at one end, conspicuous on the upper surface. 

 Fl. mostly capitate or iu strobiliform spikes. Calyx persistent, more or less 

 accrescent in fr., one segment often larger than the others. Corolla tubular- 

 ventrieo.se. lobes nearly equal, contorted in bud. Anthers muticous, ovules 4, 

 style linear, stigma of one long lanceolate branch, the other minute. Species 

 180, mostly Asiatic. Many species of this and allied genera are eminently gre- 

 garious, either covering open hill sides or forming a dense underwood under the 

 forest, covering the ground so completely as to impede regeneration by self-sown 

 seed. Some of these gregarious species flower an uually, but the majority flower 

 periodically at intervals of 5 years or longer. After ripening their seed, the 

 steins die, giving a chance for the seeds of the forest trees to come up. 



A. Stamens 2. Fl. in dense heads, calyx-segments equal. 



1. S. Kunthianus, T. And. (Phlebophyllum Kunthianum, Nees: Wight Ic t. Ilsi. 

 Xilgiris, Palnia, Shevaroys. A small gregarious shrub with rigid branches, covering 

 extensive ban- slopes, fl. once in •"> or (i years. L. rigid, underside white- tomentose 



between the prominent sec. n., blade 1-2. pet. { in. Corolla ventricose from near the 



base, brighl blue, s Is densely hairy when wetted. 2. S. foliosus, T. And. i Kmlo/ioi/on 



foliosut and capitattu, Wight let. 1501, 1 199). Nilgiris, common in sholas above U.000 ft. 

 A small shrub, 1. glabrous, serrulate, brighl green, blade 1-8, pet. J-1J in. long, fl. 

 annual, blue, corolla-tube : lower half linear, upper campanula!.', ataminodea 2. some- 

 times 8, seeds glabrous. 8. S. Jeyporensis, Bead. Ic. t. 211. Bills of the Northern 

 Circars, common in sholas A large shrub, I. nearly glabrous, broad-ovate, acumi- 

 nate, blade i; 7. narrowed into pet. 8 in. long, sec. n. in 12 pair, arching. Fl. white. 



in axillary viscous hairy spikes -j in., bracts lam late, j; in. long, recurved, bracteoles 



linear, as long as cah \. i orolla J. iii. 



B. Stauiens 4. Fl. in beads or short spikes, calyx-segments nearly equal. 



I. S. heteromalrus, T. And. Nilgiria A large hairy shrub, attaining 20 ft., gregarious, 



forming the andern I in sholas, fl. al long intervala I., hispid above (hairs stiff on a 



tubercular basis) villous beneath, blade :i :.. decurrenl into petiole 1 2 in. Hi-acts narrow, 

 oblong, corolla I in. long, lilac. , r >. S. Perrottetianus, Nees; Wight let. 1518. Nilg 

 in the deep shade of sholas. A large, softly rufous-hairy shrub, fl. annually, I. 2 I. 

 petiole i 2 in., fl. heads I 2 in. long, pedunculate, corolla light bine, nia.- or pink. 6. 



5. Wightianus, Nees : Wight Ic t. l.M l. Nilgiris, on grass lands or in sholas. A small 

 shrub, fl. annually, clothed with long spreading hairs, |, ovate, thick rugose, blade 1-2, 

 )B't. j in. Fl. heads ..void, hairy, in dense cylindrical panicles, corolla J-l in., blue. 



