500 LXXXI. ACANTHACE^ [Strobilanthes 



7. S. barbatus, IS T ees ; Bedd. Ic. t. 212. Western Ghats from the Konkan southwards 

 in evergreen forest, fi. once in 7 years. A large gregarious shrub, branches winged, 1. 

 glabrous shining, elliptic, 6-8 in. long, tapering into a winged pet. Fl. heads axillary, 

 pedunculate, peduncles with 1-3 pair of small 1., bracts long acuminate, 1 in., spreading, 

 corolla white, f-1 in. long,~cylindrieal portion as long as the upper campanulate. 



8. S. pectinatus, T. And. Sikkim 6-8,000 ft., common (Kibu). Bhutan. Khasi, 

 Jaintia and Naga hills. A large gregarious shrub, fl. once in 4 or 5 years. L. thinly 

 haix-y above, more or less villous beneath, elongate elliptic, acuminate, blade 3-6, 

 pet. J-1J in. long. Heads pedunculate, peduncles often with 1 or 2 pairs of 1., bracts 

 ovate, j-1 in., corolla pale purple, li-2^ in. long. 



C. Stamens 4. Fl. in cylindrical or strobiliform spikes, bracts imbricating. 



(a) Bracts coriaceous or chartaceous. 



9. S. luridus, Wight Ic. t. 1515-6. Nilgiris, Anamalais. A large gregarious shrub, 

 attaining 18 ft., forming underwood in sholas, fl. annually. L. hairy on both surfaces, 

 blade 3-8, petiole 1-2 in. Fl. dark purple, sometimes white, spikes 3-11 in. long, 

 pendulous from the old wood, often near the ground, bracts large orbicular, entire. 

 10. S. callosus, Nees. — Syn. S. Grahamiamis, Wight Ic. t. 1520. Vera.. Karvi, Mar. : 

 Mania Dana, Pachmarhi. — Mount Abu. Thana district. Melghat. Satpura range. 

 Hills of the Northern Dec-can and Western Ghats, southwards as far as Kanara. 

 A large shrub, forming underwood in forests and attaining 30 ft., fl. in periods of 

 7-9 years, branchlets warted and tubercled. L. crenate rough, cystolith cells very 

 numerous, often stellate at the base of hairs, blade 5-10, pet. 1-3 in. Spikes strobili- 

 form, 1— 4 in., bracts |-1 in. long, elliptic or oi'bicular, sepals equal, corolla large, 

 purplish-blue or pink. 11. S. gregalis, Collett & Hemsl. Journ. Linn. Soc. xxviii. 104. 

 Shan Hills, Upper Burma 4,000 ft. Gregarious, 1. nearly sessile, 2 in. long, bracts rigid, 

 coriaceous, edge white-woolly. 



(b) Bracts soft, membranous. 



12. S. auriculatus, Nees; Wall. PI. As. Par. t, 295. Subhimalayan tract and outer 

 valleys from the Jumna eastwards, ascending to 4,000 ft. Behar. Chutia Nagpur 

 {Hutid, Kol). A common underwood in Sal and other forests 4-6 ft. high. Pachmarhi, 

 Khasi hills, Manipur. Burma Upper, and Lower, Shan hills to 5,000 ft., Mu valley in 

 great profusion, (varies with a white and purple style, A. Smythies). Branches quad- 

 rangular, usually zigzag, 1. elliptic-lanceolate, those of the same pair often very unequal, 

 crenate, sessile, w r ith a narrow, cordate or auriculate base, scattered white soft hairs 

 on both sides, short cystolith cells numerous on the upper side. Fl. once in 6 years, 

 blue or pale purple in narrow hairy spikes 3-5 in. long, bracts imbricating, obovate or 

 obcordate. Lower cylindric portion of corolla-tube very short, uj>per campanulate 

 portion § in. long. Closely allied, 13. S. Maclellandi, Clarke. Pegu. L. acuminate to 

 both ends, often petiolate, spikes linear, bracts spathulate, with long white hairs. 



14. S. rufescens, T. And. ; Ind. For. xxi. 47. Manipur. Chittagong. Upper Chindwin 

 (Moyan Shan), Pegu (on dry rocks, D. B.), Tenasserim. A gregarious shrub, with a 

 pungent disagreeable smell, flowering once in 6 years, branches densely clothed with 

 soft long ferruginous hairs. Spikes axillary, cylindric, clothed with long soft hairs 

 1-2 in. long. Calyx divided to the base into two lips, the upper with 2, the lower with 

 3 teeth, corolla blue, 1 in. long. 



D. Spikes lax, often short, bracts linear, not imbricating. 



15. S. perfoliatus, T. And. — Syn. Leptacanthus alatus, Wight Ic. t. 1527. Vern. 

 Gvrgi, Kan. Western Ghats and near the coast, from Bassein to South Kanara. A 

 gregarious shrub, fl. once in 7-9 years. 1. glabrous, 6-15 in. long, tapering into a 

 marginate petiole with a cordate base, cystolith cells on both surfaces, very plentiful 

 on the upper, few on the underside, which is pale or steel grey. Spikes lax viscid 

 with glandular and eglandular hairs, 2-5 in., bracts, linear, recurved J in., corolla 

 1J in. long, blue or bluish-purple. 16. S. glutinosus, Nees. Bekai; Haz. Outer 

 Himalaya, ascending to 6,000 ft., from Hazara to Nepal. A straggling shrub with a 

 woody stem, often forming underwood in forests, aromatic, inflorescence and calyx 

 viscid with glandular hairs, 1. softly hairy on both sides, spikes short, often reduced to 

 1 or 2 pairs of fl. Corolla 2 in., glabrous, pale mauve, the narrow cylindric nearly as 

 long as the upper campanulate portion. 



E. Stamens 4. El. paniculate, bracts mostly deciduous, one calyx-segment 

 longer than the others. 



17. S. Wallichii, Nees, Jdnu, Zdnu, Jauns. Himalaya, Jaunsar to Sikkim, 7-12,000 ft., 

 a small gregarious shrub, a common underwood in forests of Quercus semecarpifolia. 

 A perennial stout, low, branching stem, sending up annually herbaceous branches, 

 which die down in autumn, the perennial stem continuing growing slowly. At 

 intervals of probably 12 years the herbaceous branches bear fl. and seed, when the 



