554 XCVII. SANTALACE.E [Santalum 



known, the Sandal seedling for a time lives independently, the roots being furnished 

 with minute root hairs, which disappear when it has attached itself to the roots of a 

 foster plant (Brandis in Ind. For. xxxix, 3, and M. Kama Kao same vol. 386). 



2. HENSLOWIA, Blume ; Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 232. 



Parasitic glabrous shrubs, sometimes probably root parasites, 1. alternate, 

 fl. minute, supported by small bracts, unisexual or <J and J> . Males : stamens 

 5 or 6, inserted on the perianth-lobes, anthers didymous. Fertile ; perianth- tube 

 adnate to ovary, segments 5 or 6, stamens or short. Species about 12, India, 

 China and Ind. Archip. 



1. H. neterantha, Hook. f. & Thorns. Kumaon 4,000 ft. Nepal. Sikkim 2-7,000 ft. 

 Khasi hills. Manipiir. Hills east of Toungoo 4-7,000 ft. L. variable, from obovate 

 to orbicular, 1-3 in. long, narrowed into a short pet., basal nerves 5-9. $ fl. sessile, 

 in pedunculate heads, fr. fascicled on pedicels J in. long with bracts at base and below 

 the fr. 2. H. granulata, Hook. f. & Thorns. Sikkim. Bhutan. Khasi hills. Similar 

 to 1, branchlets densely pustulate, 1. obovate to spatkulate, basal nerves usually 

 more numerous, less distinct, fruiting pedicels covered the whole length with broad 

 imbricating bracts. A specimen from the Southern Shan hills, 5,000 ft. (Collett, May 

 1888), has branchlets not pustulate and pedicels with bracts only at base and at apex. 

 3. H. varians, Blume. Mergui. Malay Penins. L. 3-nerved, elliptic-lanceolate. 6* fl. 

 pedicellate, in short racemes, fr. up to \ in. long. 



Osyris arborea, Wall. ; Collett Simla Fl. 442, Fig. 144.— Syn. O. WigJitiana, Wall.; 

 Wight Ic. t. 1853. Vern. Dalmi, Dalima, N. W. Himal. ; Popoli, Lotcd, Mar. ; JJiuri, 

 Nep. Outer Himalaya, ascending to 7,000 ft., from Kulu eastwards (not found in 

 Sikkim). Manipiir. Upper Burma (Zaung gyan) often in Eng forest. Central Prov- 

 inces. Western Peninsula. Ceylon. Tonkin. Yunnan. A twiggy shrub or small 

 tree, as a rule glabrous, branchlets 3-sided, with prominent sharp angles. L. 

 coriaceous, elliptic or obovate, 1-2 in. long, mucronate, nearly sessile. Fl. minute, 3- 

 sometimes 4-merous. 3 § in. across,>in axillary pedunculate 5-10-fld. clusters, perianth- 

 lobes triangular,stamens opposite the lobes, disk fleshy 3-lobed, the lobes alternating 

 with the stamens. $ : solitary sometimes 2-3 together, axillary, on long, slender 

 peduncles. Perianth superior, obconical. Drupe yellow, J-| in. diarn., seed one. A 

 remarkable variety, branchlets, leaves and inflorescence densely pubescent, o* fl- 

 J in. across in small sessile cymes, on the Satpura range. Sandstone hills north 

 of Bori 2,500 (D. B. Dec. 1876). 



Pyrularia edulis, A. DC. — Syn. Sphaerocarya eduJis, Wall. ; Wight Ic. t. 255. Vern. 

 Amphi, Nep. Nepal. Sikkim, 4-5,000 ft. Mishmi hills. Khasi and Naga hills. A 

 small or middle-sized thorny deciduous tree, leaf-buds covered with broad densely 

 white silky scales. L. elongate-elliptic, blade 5-7, narrowed into pet. 1 in. long, sec. n, 

 4-6 pair, oblique, arching. Fl. 3 in tomentose racemiform panicles, S solitary. Fr. 

 a large edible pyriform drupe, seed globose. 



Scleropyrum Wallicliianum, Am. ; Wight Ic. t. 241. — Syn. Pyrularia Wallichiana, 

 Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 304. Vern. Bodlige, Benduga, Kan. Western Ghats from the Konkan 

 southwards, common in North Kanara, Coorg and the Wainad. Southern Shan hills 

 4,000 ft. Ceylon 4-6,000 ft. A small or moderate-sized tree, armed with sharp woody 

 often fascicled spines. L. coriaceous, elongate-elliptic, blade 3-7, pet J in. long, sec. n. 

 3-5 pair. Fl. yellowish-red, polygamous, male in catkin-like spikes, axillary, or above 

 the scars of fallen leaves, perianth-tube solid, segments 5, slightly imbricate in bud, 

 filaments inserted at the base of lobes, 2-fid, anthers 10. Fertile in compact cylindric 

 racemes, perianth-tube adnate to ovary, stigma large peltate. Drupe brown, pyriform, 

 stalked 1J-2 in. long. Seed 1, nearly globose. 



3. PHACELLARIA, Benth. ; Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 235. 



Small leafless parasitic shrubs, usually growing on Loranthus. Fl. minute, 

 monoscious, sessile or sunk in the branch. Perianth-tube of <J solid, of ? 

 adnate to the ovary, lobes 4 or 5 short, valvate, anther-cells diverging. 

 Species 4. 



A. Stems under 5 in. long. 



1. P. compressa, Benth. Shan hills 5,000 ft. Moulmein. Stems simple, not branch- 

 ing, more or less flattened. 2. P. rigidula, Benth. Mergui. Stems branched, terete. 



B. Stems over 6 in. long, branched. 



3. P. caulescens, Hemsl. South Shan hills 4,000 ft. Glabrous, fl. scattered, fr. sessile, 



