Sapium] XCVni. EUPHORBIAt'E.E 585 



— Syn. Exceecaria itidica, Muell. Arg. Vern. Suru, Batul, Beng. Tidal forests, Sundriban, 

 Tenasserim. Travancore on tlie banks of rivers.— Ceylon. Malay Penins. A small 



glabrous evergi n milky tree, w I soft, 1. elliptic-lanceolate, serrate, not glaucous 



beneath, blade 3-5, pet. \-\ in. Racemes spiciform, solitary, i fl. clustered, nearly 

 -■•~~ilo. 9 larger, pedicellate. Fr. 1 in. diam., young succulent, old woody, obscurely 

 3-lobed. 



4. S. eugeniaefolium, Ham. Himalaya, from Kumaon eastwards. "2—1,000 ft. Kbasi 

 lulls. Glabrous, 1. elliptic, blade 3-5, pet. 1—1 in. Racemes dense, simple, solitary, 

 capsule globose. f,-k in. diam., valves thick, woody, separating from the persistent 

 broadly 3-winged axis. 



B. Spikes unisexual. 



5. S. insigne, Benth. — Syn. Excaecariainsignis, Muell. Arg. ; Falconeria 

 insignia and F. Wallichicma, Royle 111. t. 84a ; F. malabarica, Wight Ic. t. 

 L866; Carumbium insigne, Kurz, F. Fl. ii. 412. Vern. Boddar, N. W. 

 Himal. ; Khindra, Khinna, Lendua, Hind. ; Vra, Hure, Dudla, Mar. 



A middle-sized glabrous, deciduous tree, usually small but in places attain- 

 ing 50 ft., abounding in thick milky sap, branches thick, foliage bright green. 

 L. elongate-elliptic, acuminate, dentate, blade b'-lo, pet. 1-2 in. long. Fl. in 

 unisexual robust spikes. 3-10 in. long, (J fl. sessile in round clusters, the 

 central tl. opening first, stamens "J. $ fl. shortly pedicelled, sepals ovate, 

 acuminate, styles very short. Fr. a spike of numerous ovoid capsules on a 

 thick rachis, the capsules "2-3-celled, fleshy at first, dry and irregularly 

 dehiscent when ripe. 



Subhimalayan tract and .niter valleys, from the Bias eastwards, ascending to 5,500 ft. 

 Assam. Chittagong. Pegu Yoma. Western Peninsula, on the Wesl side from the 

 Konkan southwards, on dry rocky soil near the coast and in evergreen forest on the 

 ghats. Also on the hills of Karnnl and Cuddapah. Kambakum hill (D. B. Nov. 1881 

 PI. Jan.-March, « bile the tree is leafless. 



:;•_>. EXCCECARIA, Linn. ; Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 172. 



Glabrous trees or shrubs with acrid milk, 1. in some species opposite, racemes 

 or spikes bracteate, unisexual or androgynous, generally lateral. Fl. o l- ; 5 

 on each bract, sepals •'! small, stamens 3, anther-cells contiguous, parallel. 

 $ : Calyx 3-fid or -partite, styles stout, shortly connate, spreading or recurved . 

 entire. Capsule of :; cocci separating from the persistent axis. 



A. I., alternate. 



1. E. AgaUocha. Linn.: Wight b. t. 1865, tig. L-5 left-hand corner, Vern. <■■ 

 jheria, Beng.; Qeva, Suran, Surund, Mar.: Komatti, Mai.: Kayaw, Tayaw, Burm. 

 Tidal forests, Sundriban, Andamahs and on the coast of Burma. On the coast and 

 along brackish backwaters of the Western Peninsula. PI. II. S., 1!. S. Sea coast 

 Ceylon, Indian Archipelago, North Australia. New Caledonia. A small evergreen 

 bushy tree, sap extremely acrid, causing blisters on the skin, I. bright green, elliptic, 

 acuminate, usually shallow sinuate-crenate, blade 2 I, ]»'l . slender .'. 1} in. Fl. minute, 

 fragrant, yellowish-green, 6 in catkin-like spikes, each fl. on a broad bract, imbricating 

 in laid with several minute bracteoles, anthers long exserted, y pedicelled, in short 

 racemes, the upper fl. usually imperfect, sepals broadly ovate, serrulate. Capsule 

 varying much in size, { I in. diam. r coria< us, deeply S-lobed. 



•J. E. acerifolia. P. Didrichs. Syn. Siillingia himalayetuii, Klotzch in Bot. Prinz 

 Waldemar t. 21. Central Himalaya, Kumaon and Nepal, 8 5,000 ft. Khasi bills, A 

 large glabrous shrub, foliage deep green. I., mem bra nous, elliptic-lanceolate, serrate, 

 blade I 6, pet. j i in. Spikes androgynous, i fl. — He, 2-8 in the axil, of a broo 

 ovate bract, . at 'lie base of spikes. Capsule } in. diam., 2 B-lobed. :>. E. hoiophylia. 

 Km/. Mariahan ami Tenasserim, evergreen forest. I., lanceolate or oblanceolate, 

 <|iiite entire, spikes slender, terminal androgynous, the 2 fl. at the base. I. E. rectl- 

 nervis, Kurz. Nicobars. Branchlets stout, I. coriaceous, obovate-oblong, blade 8 9, 

 pet. 1 in. long. 



B. 1,. opposite, spikes unisexual. 



■ '. E. crcnulata, Wight [c, t. 1865. Syn. /.'. eochinchinttitit, Muell. Are.: Bedd. 

 Dfanual t. xxii.f.5; E. opporitifolio, Thw. non Jack). Western Ghats from i 



southwards, Milgiris, Anamalais. A small evergreen usually dioacious ( r shrub 



branchlets slender. I., thinly coriaceous, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, crenulate 



