614 C. MORACEiE [Broussonetia 



ovary, style pink, filiform. Achenes hanging down on long fleshy stalks. 

 Cotyledons oblong, albumen scanty. 



Valley of the Maytharauk, Solo and other tributaries of the Sal ween river south of 

 the Karennee country (D. B. Febr. 1859 and March 1880). Paper and the thick card- 

 boards (Palabaik) used like slates in schools, are made of the inner bark in Siain and 

 Burma. In Japan paper, and in the South Sea islands Tapa cloth is made of it. The 

 tree is cultivated at Dehra Dun, it is hardy in Europe and is a most remarkable 

 instance of a tree which thrives in temperate and tropical climates. Coppices well and 

 throws up abundant root-suckers. 



6. CUDRANIA, Trecul; Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 538. 



Straggling or climbing shrubs, armed with stout axillary spines, 1. alternate, 

 quite entire, penninerved. Fl. in naked globose heads, dioecious, sessile, with 

 bracteoles inserted on a globose receptacle. Sepals free, not connate, stamens 

 included, anthers oblong, filaments short, ovary straight, style terminal, often 

 appearing simple, through the abortion of one of its branches. Fr. a compound 

 irregularly shaped many-sided berry formed of the enlarged fleshy bracteoles 

 and perianths, each perianth enclosing a one-seeded nut. Species 7, from 

 India to China, Japan, New Caledonia and Australia. 



1. C. javanensis, Trecul. — Syn. C. amboinensis, Kurz F. Fl. ii. 434 ; Cudranus Rumphii, 

 Thwaites; Bedd. Manual t. 27. Vern. Mancla, Hind.; Peinne nice, Burin. Sub- 

 himalayan tract from the Jumna eastwards. Assam. Chittagong. Upper Burma. 

 Orissa (Prain). Ceylon. East Africa. Malay Penins. and Archip. Australia. 

 China. Formosa. A straggling or scandent shrub, armed with straight or recurved 

 axillary spines, bark very milky, branchlets pubescent. L. elongate-elliptic or 

 oblanceolate, blade 1-4, pet. J-J in. Fl. -heads yellow, pubescent, axillary, solitary or 

 in pairs, £ J in. diam., $ smaller. Fr. velvety, green with a silvery tinge, 1-3 in. diam., 

 seeds numerous. 2. C. fruticosa, Wight ; Kurz F. Fl. ii. 434. Khasi hills. Chitta- 

 gong. Burma, Upper and Lower. Branchlets glabrous, 1. glabrous, elongate-elliptic, 

 abruptly and thinly acuminate, blade 4-6, pet. £ in. long, sec. n. 3-4 pair prominent 

 beneath. 3. C. pubescens, Trecul. Pegu Toma, eastern slopes. Martaban (Kurz). 

 Branchlets and underside of 1. softly pubescent, no specimens seen. 



7. PLECOSPERMUM, Trecul; Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 491. 



Trees or shrubs, 1. alternate, quite entire, penninerved. Fl. dioecious, perianth 

 gamophyllous, <$ closely packed, J connate in dense globose heads. Stamens 

 long-exserted, anthers globose, styles 1 or 2. Fr. an irregularly shaped 

 fleshy syncarpium, 1- or few-seeded. Albumen 0, cotyledons thick, very 

 unequal, the larger enclosing the smaller, which is folded lengthwise. 

 Species 2. 



1. P. spinosum, Trecul ; Wight Ic. t. 1963. Vern. Koriti, Tel. Salt range. Sub- 

 himalayan tract from the Punjab eastwards. Western Peninsula.— Ceylon, low 

 country. A large thorny shrub, bark peeling off in thin flakes, branchlets minutely 

 pubescent, spines stout, axillary, straight. L. glabrous, obovate or elliptic, blade 2-3, 

 narrowed into pet. J-j in. long. £ heads J in. diam., peduncles J in. long, often 

 fascicled. Fr. pubescent, lobed, J in. diam. Resembles Cvdrania javanensis, differs 

 by the long exserted stamens and the few-seeded fr. 2. F. andamanicum, King. 

 Andamans. Tenasserim. Unarmed, young shoots rusty tomentose, 1. glabrous, 

 coriaceous, elliptic-oblong, blade 4-6, pet. 1-1^ in. long. Fr. § in. diam., seeds 1 or 2. 



Pseudostreblus indica, Hook. f. Khasi hills. A glabrous tree, sap milky, 1. alternate, 

 coriaceous, quite entire, elliptic-oblong, blade 4-6, pet. J in., sec. n. slender, numerous, 

 straight, joined by a distinct intramarginal nerve. Fl. monoecious, axillary, S in short 

 cymes, ? solitary or mixed with the <$ , sepals 4, orbicular concave, accrescent, enclosing 

 the fr. 



8. ANTIARIS, Leschen. ; Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 537. 

 Species 5-6 Indo-Malayan region. 

 A. toxicaria, Leschen. — Syn. A. saccidora, Wight Ic. 1. 1958 ; A. innoxia, 

 Blume ; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 307. The Ujms tree. Vern. Karicat, Chandkura 

 Mar. ; Alii, Tam. ; Aranji, Kan. ; Hmyaseik, Burm. 



