xv iii SYNOPTICAL KEY. 



Carpels 2 to 5, 'becoming many-seeded follicles. Seed albuminous. Sepals and petals 5, persist- 

 ent : stamens many. Smooth shrubs, with alternate entire leaves, and no stipules. 

 Ckossosoma in Ranunculacece. 



Flowers 5-merous : carpels fewer than 5. Low acaulescent herbs. Saxifraga in Saxifragacece. 



Flowers 3 - 7-merous. Thick fleshy herbs, with simple alternate leaves. Some Crassulace.e. 



Carpel solitary, becoming an ovoid 1 - 2-seeded follicle. Flowers 4-merous. Low spinescent 

 shrubs, with alternate entire stipulate leaves. Glossopetalon in Sapindacem. 



±^ +- Carpels more or less united. Seeds mostly albuminous. Leaves simple : stipules none. 



34. Saxifragacese, p. 192. Carpels 2 to 5, forming a 1-celled or 2 - 5-celled many-seeded cap- 



sule, or nearly distinct. Flowers 5-merous : stamens rarely numerous : styles 2 to 5, 

 usually distinct. Herbs or shrubs ; leaves alternate (opposite in Hydrangea:) or radical. 



35. Crassulacese, p. 208. Carpels 3 to 5, becoming 1 - many-seeded follicles, distinct or con- 



nate at base. Flowers 3- or 5-merous : stamens nearly hypogynous. Thick fleshy 

 plants, mostly herbs, with alternate or opposite leaves. 



37. Lythxaceae, p. 213. Capsule 2 - 4-celled, many-seeded, enclosed in the tubular or eampan- 



ulate calyx. Flowers 4- or 6-merous : style 1. Herbs, with entire mostly opposite 



leaves, and axillary flowers. No albumen. 

 Fruit a 1 - 2-seeded utricle, included in the calyx. Style 2-cleft. Low herbs, with opposite 



entire leaves. Illecebf.acke. 

 Carpels 2, with distinct styles, enclosed in the at length fleshy calyx and becoming berry-like. 



Small tree, with alternate serrate evergreen leaves and minute stipules. Heteromeles 



in Rosacea:. 

 Capsule 3 - 5-celled, many-seeded, cireumscissile. Flowers 5-merous : petals none : styles 3 to 5. 



Fleshy herbs, with opposite entire leaves. Sesuvium in Ficoidcce. 

 Capsule 2-celled, several-seeded, adnate at base to the calyx. Flowers irregular : petals, as well 



as filaments, somewhat united. Slender annual, with alternate leaves and milky juice. 



Nemacladus in Lobeliaceaz. 

 Fruit fleshy, becoming diy, 3-valved, 1-celled and 1-seeded. Petals about 5, united at base : sta- 

 mens 10, monadeiphous : style 1. Shrub, with alternate entire leaves. Styracace.e. 



* * Ovary wholly inferior. 



+- Fruit with central placentae. Herbs, with few stamens, not trailing, and flowers not in um- 

 bels : stipules none. 



38. Halorageae, p. 214. Fruit indehiscent and nut-like, 1 - 4-celled and -seeded. Seeds sus- 



pended, albuminous. Aquatic herbs, with verticillate or opposite leaves, and incon- 

 spicuous often apetalous sessile axillary flowers. 



39. Onagracese, p. 216. Capsule 2- or 4-celled, sometimes indehiscent, mostly many-seeded. 



Flowers 2 - 4-merous : style 1 : calyx valvate. Herbs, rarely woody at base, with 

 mostly alternate leaves ; flowers often showy. No albumen. 

 Capsule 1-celled, 1-seeded. Flowers 5-merous : style 1. Seed suspended, exalbuminous. Per- 

 ennial herbs, with simple alternate tenaciously scabrous leaves. Petalonyx in Loa- 

 sacece. 



+- +- Fruit fleshy, indehiscent. Tendril-bearing herbs. Stamens few. 



41. Cucurbitaceas, p. 238. Flowers monoecious or dioecious, often garnopetalous. Fruit 1 - 



several-celled. Leaves alternate, palmately veined or lobed, without stipules. Seeds 

 without albumen. 



■f — i — H Fruit with parietal placentae, several - many-seeded. Stamens many (except in Ribes). 



Stipules none. 



++ Herbs, not fleshy. Capsule 1-celled. 



40. Loasacese, p. 235. Flowers perfect, conspicuous : style 3 - 5-cleft : placentae as many. 



Leaves rough with tenacious hairs, simple. 



42. Datiscaceae, p. 242. Flowers mostly dioecious : petals minute or none : styles 3. Leaves 



smooth, pinnately compound. 

 Fruit a berry. Flowers 4 — 5-merous : styles 2 to 4, more or less united. Shrubs, often spiny, 

 with simple alternate palmately veined and lobed leaves. GROssULACEiE in Saxifragacece. 



++ ++ Thick fleshy plants. Capsule 1 - several-celled. 



43. Cactaceas, p. 24. Fruit fleshy, 1-celled. Sepals and petals numerous. Leafless prickly 



perennials, sometimes woody. 



44. Ficoidese, p. 250. Capsule 3 - 5-celled. Sepals few, mostly 5. Unarmed herbs, with 



mostly opposite leaves. 



