Fouquiera. TAMARISCINE^E. 79 



after one and two- years' drying in the herbarium and even a preliminary immersion in boiling 

 water. The specific name was given with reference to this fact. 



2. L. brachycarpa, Engelm. Leaves spatulate or nearly linear : scapes not 

 jointed, 2-bracted at the very base, shorter than the leaves : sepals 4, mostly herba- 

 ceous, 3 lines long : petals 7 to 9, oblong, 2 or 3 times longer than the calyx : 

 stamens 10 to 15 : capsule shorter than the calyx. — Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 400. 



In granite sand, eastern side of the Sierra Nevada, Fresno Co., at 8,000 feet altitude (Muir); 

 Arizona (Newberry, Palnur) ; S. Utah, H. Eiujelmann, Parry. Much resembling the acaulescent 

 Calandrinias in habit. 



Order XVII. TAMARISCESTE-2EJ. 



A small Old "World order of trees and shrubs, mainly represented by the 

 Tamarisks (Tamarix), and distinguished from all related orders with free ovary and 

 separate styles by its comose or long-hairy anatropous seeds. To it has lately been 

 referred, by Bentham & Hooker, Gen. PI. i. 161, the following anomalous (chiefly 

 Mexican) genus. 



1. FOUQUIERA, HBK. Candlewood. 



Sepals 5, free. Petals united into a tube ; the 5 lobes of the limb imbricated, 



spreading. Stamens 10 to 15, hypogynous, exserted ; filaments thickened at base. 



Ovary imperfectly 3-celled ; placenta; about 6-ovuled : styles 3, long, somewhat 



united. Seeds 3 to 6, oblong, flattened, surrounded by a dense fringe of long white 



hairs or by a membranous wing. — Shrubs or small trees, with soft fragile wood, 



smooth ; the branches alternately spinose-tubercled, and with single or fascicled 



thick entire leaves in the axils ; flowers brilliant crimson, in terminal spikes or 



panicles. 



A Mexican genus of three species, only one of which passes northward into the United States. 

 Its characters are anomalous, and it has been placed by different authorities in the orders 

 Polemoniaceoe, Frankeniaccoe, Portulacacecc, and Crassulacccc, and taken for a distinct order 

 Fouquieraccoe. 



1. F. splendens, Engelm. Branching near the base and sending up simple 

 slender stems 10 to 20 (or more) feet high, with ashen-gray bark and large pith, 

 leafy only near the summit, strongly grooved and ridged by the deeurrent bases of 

 the spines: leaves spatulate to nbuvate, \ to an inch lung, the primary attenuate into 

 a rigid petiole (the blade and inner portion of the petinle at length deciduous, leav- 

 ing the dorsal part as a stout divaricate spine an inch long or less, the spine often 

 developing without the blade) ; axillary leaves sessile : flowers on short pedicels in 

 narrow nearly simple racemes (2 to G inches long) : sepals orbicular. 2 to -.'. lines 

 long : corolla 9 lines long, -with a broad tube, and rounded obtuse lobes: capsule ovate- 

 oblong, half an inch long: seeds white-tomentose, 3 lines long, surrounded bya dense 

 white villous fringe. — YVisliz. Rep. 14; Gray, PL Wright, ii. 63. /'. spinosa, Torr. 

 in Emory Rep, 147, t. 8. 



In the desert region of S. K. California, along the Colorado River l.\" wherry, AntiseU, BUM), 

 and eastward to \V. Texas and Northern Mexico : a very ornamental Bhrub when in Bower. 



F. bpinosa, HBK., of Lower California and Northern Mexico, rises with a trunk :t to t feet 

 high before sending out its straggling crooked branches : (lowers in large open panicles, on pedicels 



an inch long, the tube of the corolla narrower and its loln-g acute : capsule 9 lines long, the seeds 

 naked and surrounded by a broad membranous reined wing. The Idria columnaris of Kellogg, 

 l'roe. Calif. Acad. ii. 84, also from Lower California, is a very similar species, but is described as 

 without spines, with a shorter corolla, and a lent included style : fruit unknown. 



F.FORMOSA, HLK.a Mexican B] tes, and reported from Lower California, has the larger 



flowers (an inch long) sessile in very short spikes, and the spines very short. 



