176 ROSACEJE. Geum. 



flowers few, an inch or more in diameter : calyx-lobes ovate, 3 or 4 lines long, the 

 apex linear or trifid ; bractlets linear, entire or bifid or 2-parted : akenes very 

 numerous, 1 -J- lines long, the slender plumose tail an inch or two long. — Torrey in 

 Eniory Bep. 140, t. 2. Sieversia paradoxa, Don, 1. c. 575, t. 22. 



Providence Mountains {Cooper) and eastward to S. Utah and the Rio Grande ; also Mexican. 



12. GEUM, Linn. 



Calyx persistent, concave ; limb 5-lobed, usually with 5 alternate bractlets, val- 



vate. Petals 5. ' Stamens many. Carpels numerous, upon a conical or clavate 



receptacle : style terminal, straight or geniculate : stigma small : ovules solitary, 



ascending. Akenes small, compressed, caudate with the elongated naked or plumose 



styles. Seed erect : radicle inferior. — Perennial herbs ; leaves mostly radical, 



lyrate or pinnate ; stipules adnate to the sheathing petioles ; flowers rather large, 



solitary or corymbose. 



About 30 species, distributed through the temperate and frigid zones. A dozen species occur 

 in the United States, several of them found also in N. Asia and Europe or closely allied to Old 

 World species. 



§ 1. Styles jointed and bent near the middle, the upper part decidtcous, the lower 

 naked and hooked, becoming elongated : calyx-lobes reflexed. — Geum proper. 



1. Cr. macrophyllum, Willd. A coarse herb : stems mostly solitary, 1 to 3 

 feet high, bristly-hairy, leafy : radical leaves lyrate and interruptedly pinnate, six 

 inches to a foot long or more, the terminal leaflet very large and round-cordate, 

 lobed and toothed, the lateral very unequal and often very small ; cauline leaves 

 similar but with a short rhachis, or reduced to the terminal leaflet ; stipules large, 

 toothed : flowers yellow, half an inch broad, in an open panicle : bractlets of the 

 calyx small and often wanting : fruit hispid, upon a nearly naked oblong receptacle : 

 styles 3 lines long, at length reflexed. 



In the Sierra Nevada, on the eastern side ; Mono Pass (Bolandcr), Sierra Co. (Lemmon), north 

 of Lassen's Peak (Neiobei-ry), and northward to Sitka, ranging east to the Atlantic. 



§ 2. Style straight, not jointed, and wholly persistent, naked or plumose, elongated : 

 calyx-lobes not rejlexed. — Sieversia. 



2. G. triflorum, Pursh. Low, villous ; stems clustered, from stout branching 

 rootstocks, 6 to 15 inches high, simple, nearly naked : radical leaves pinnate some- 

 what interruptedly with numerous cuneate-oblong incised segments ; the cauline 

 reduced to a few small linear-lobed leaves or bracts : flowers large, few, on long 

 peduncles : calyx often purplish, as well as the upper part of the stem, the linear 

 bractlets 4 to 9 lines long, usually exceeding the lobes and equalling the oblong 

 purplish erect petals : tails of the small akenes plumose, at length 2 or 3 inches 

 long : receptacle small, hemispherical. — Sieversia trijlora, E. Br.; Hook. Bot. Mag. 

 t. 2858. 



In the Sierra Nevada at 4,000 to 9,000 feet altitude (Brewer, Bolander), and in the mountains 

 north and eastward, to Arctic America and Labrador. 



13. FKAGARIA, Tourn. Strawberry. 



Calyx persistent, concave ; limb 5-lobed, with 5 alternate bractlets, valvate. 

 Petals 5, white, spreading. Stamens many, in one row. Carpels numerous, smooth : 

 styles lateral, very short : ovule solitary, ascending. Eeceptacle much enlarged and 

 fleshy in fruit, conical, scarlet, bearing the smaU turgid crustaeeous akenes upon the 

 surface. Eadicle superior. — Acaulescent stoloniferous perennials; leaves palmately 



