188 ROSACEA. Heteromelcs. 



24. HETEROMELES, J. Rcemer. 



Calyx turbinate ; limb 5-parted, persistent. Petals 5, spreading. Stamens 10, 

 in pairs opposite to the calyx-teeth. ; filaments thickened, dilated at base and some- 

 what connate. Carpels 2, lightly united, very tomentose, adnate to the calyx-tube 

 at first only dorsally to the middle : styles terminal, distinct : ovules 2 in each cell, 

 ascending. Fruit red, berry-like, ovoid, the fleshy calyx-tube connate with the 

 membranaceous carpels to the middle, and the thickened teeth closed over them 

 above. Seeds 1 or 2 in each cell. — A shrub or small tree ; leaves simple, coria- 

 ceous and evergreen, sharply serrate ; stipules minute ; flowers white, in terminal 

 corymbose panicles. A single species. 



1. H. arbutifolia, Roemer. (To yon or Toixon.) Usually a shrub, 4 to 20 feet 

 high : young branches, petioles and inflorescence somewhat tomentose-pubescent : 

 leaves dark green, lighter beneath, narrowly to oblong-lanceolate, acute at each end, 

 2 to 4 inches long, on short petioles, slightly revolute on the margin : flowers 

 numerous, 3 or 4 lines broad, on short pedicels in diffuse panicles : calyx 2 lines 

 long or less : fruit 3 or 4 lines in diameter : seeds half as long. ■ — Syn. Monog. 

 hi. 105; Decaisne, Mem. Pom. in Arch. Mus. x. 144, t. 9. Crataegus arbutifolia, 

 Ait. f. Hort. Kew, hi. 202. Photinia arbutifolia, Lindl. Bot. Eeg. t. 491 ; Torr. 

 & Gray, Fl. i. 473. P. Fremontiana, Decaisne, 1. c. 



In the Coast Ranges, from Mendocino Co. to San Diego ; frequent on stream-banks, flowering in 

 June and July and maturing its fruit in December, when it is very ornamental from the contrast 

 between the abundant bright red fruit and the dark shining foliage. The fruit tastes like that of 

 some species of Crataegus. 



25. PIRUS, Linn. Peak, Apple, &c. 



Calyx pitcher-shaped or turbinate ; limb 5-cleft, persistent or deciduous. Petals 



5, spreading, sessile or unguiculate. Stamens 20 ; filaments filiform. Carpels 2 to 



5, inferior (wholly covered by the adnate tube and disk of the calyx), becoming 



papery or cartilaginous in fruit : styles woolly at base and distinct or more or less 



united : ovules 2, ascending. Fruit fleshy or berry-like, pear-shaped or subglobose. 



— Trees or shrubs ; leaves deciduous, simple or pinnate, mostly serrate ; stipules 



deciduous ; flowers corymbose, white or pink. 



A genus of about 40 species, inhabiting the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. As 

 generally received it includes the Pear, Apple, Crab-apple, Quince, Choke-berry, Service Tree, 

 &c, most of which have been at times recognized as distinct genera, and are so ranked by De- 

 caisne in his recent revision of the Pom.ace.ce. P. communis, Linn., the common Pear, indige- 

 nous to Europe and Asia, is considered by him as including all the thousands of varieties of that 

 fruit. It is occasionally found escaped from cultivation in neglected places, but rarely fruiting. 

 The Apple, P. Malus, Linn. (Malus communis, Lam.), also a native of Europe and Asia, is 

 likewise sometimes found growing without cultivation and bearing a small sour fruit. 



§ 1. Leaves simple: styles more or less united: fruit fleshy, mostly sunken at each end: 



cymes simple. — Malus. 



1. P. rivularis, Dougl. (Oregon Crab-Apple.) A shrub or small tree, 15 to 

 25 feet high : leaves ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 1 to 3 inches long, sharply 

 serrulate, occasionally 3-lobed, more or less woolty-pubescent, as well as the young 

 branches, pedicels, and calyx: cyme shortly racemose, leafy at base; pedicels slender, 

 an inch long : limb of calyx, with the stamens, at length deciduous : petals white, 

 orbicular, 3 or 4 lines broad : styles 2 to 4, glabrous : fruit red or yellow, obovate- 

 oblong, not sunken at base, half an inch long or more. — Hook. Fl. i. 203, t. 68 ; 

 Nutt. Sylva, ii. 22, t. 49. P. diversifolia, Bongard, Veg. Sitch. 133. Malus rivu- 

 laris & diversifolia, Decaisne, Mem. Pom. 155. 



