388 COMPOSITE. Palafoxia. 



limb very deeply cleft or parted into narrow linear lobes. One of the following species occurs 

 on the southeastern borders of the State ; the other only further south, but it is here included 

 for comparison. 



1. P. linearis, Lagasoa. Herbaceous, cinereous-scabrous, a foot to three feet in 

 height : leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, mostly acute : heads narrow, loosely 

 corymbose and slender peduncled : scales of the involucre narrow linear in a single 

 series : flowers all perfect and alike or nearly so : the pale purple corollas with lobes 

 shorter than the elongated nearly cylindrical throat : pappus of 4 to 8 linear scales, 

 which are more or less pointed or short awned by the projection of the tapering tip 

 of the very stout midrib, nearly equalling the corolla, or in the outer flowers some- 

 times very short and blunt. — Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 2132. Ageratum lineare, Cav. 

 Ic. iii. t. 205. 



Along the Colorado, at Fort Yuma, Mohave, &c. , Coulter, Schott, Newberry, Cooper. Extends 

 through the adjacent parts of Arizona to Mexico. Heads an inch or less in length. This is the 

 species on which the genus was founded. 



2. P. leuccphylla. Gray. Shrubby, 6 to 10 feet high : leaves linear, obtuse, 

 thickish, whitened with a close and dense silky-hirsute pubescence : pappus of 4 

 linear-oblong blunt and emarginate-scales, considerably shorter than the flesh- 

 colored corolla and the 4 alternate shorter ones, which are spatulate-oblong, with 

 midrib vanishing at the middle; some of the outer akenes with a short corneous 

 crown instead of the scales : otherwise nearly as in the preceding. — Proc. Am. 

 Acad. viii. 291. 



Carmen Island, in the Gulf of California, Dr. Palmer. 



77. CH.BJNACTIS, DC. 



Head homogamous ; the flowers all perfect and tubular, but an outer series almost 

 always more or less enlarged, usually forming a sort of ray. Involucre campanulate 

 or hemispherical ; its scales narrow, more or less herbaceous, equal, in one or two 

 series, usually becoming concave and inclined to embrace subtended akenes. Re- 

 ceptacle flat, foveolate and naked, in one species with bristle-shaped rigid chaff sub- 

 tending most of the flowers ! Corollas tubular inclining to funnelform, and with 5 

 short obtuse lobes, or the marginal ones either slightly or conspicuously enlarged 

 above, with the dilated limb 5-cleft, sometimes irregularly or obliquely so, approach- 

 ing to palmate ; their nerves deeply intramarginal. Anthers linear. Style-branches 

 narrow, tapering into a slender-subulate or occasionally obtuse minutely hirsute 

 appendage. Akenes slender, linear, tapering to the base, more or less 4-angled, 

 commonly pubescent. Pappus of 4 to 12 awnless and nearly or quite nerveless 

 hyaline chaffy scales (in the marginal flowers mostly shorter), in one anomalous 

 species wanting. — Herbs, chiefly of humble stature, annuals or biennials (or some 

 possibly perennial), all of the Californian region ; with alternate 1 - 3-pinnately 

 dissected leaves, and middle-sized or large pedunculate heads of yellow, white, or 

 flesh-colored flowers terminating the loose or corymbose branches. — Gray, Proc. 

 Am. Acad. x. 73. 



Macrocarphus, Nutt., hardly forms a primary section, and C. carphoclinia, with its anomaly 

 of chaff to the receptacle, is otherwise just like the related species. In one or two species the 

 receptacle might perhaps be said to be chaffy next the margin, there being two ranks of invo- 

 lucral scales subtending flowers. 



§ 1. Pappus present. — True CHiENACTis. 



* Corollas yellow, the outermost ones obviously enlarged at the summit, and their 

 limb more or less irregularly 5-lobed, forming a sort of ray. 



