560 SCROPHULARIACE.E. Penistemon. 



15. P. confertus, Dougl. A span to a foot or more high, wholly glabrous : 

 stem strict and simple : leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, or the lower spatulate- 

 oblong, an inch or two long : the upper pairs often distant : flowers numerous and 

 crowded in short-peduncled or sessile clusters and very short-pedicelled, forming an 

 interrupted spike of 2 to 5 ajsparent whorls, or sometimes a solitary terminal head : 

 edges of the calyx-lobes usually searious and lacerate : corolla (a third to half an 

 inch long), either yellowish cream-color, violet or blue, the short lower lip bearded 

 inside: sterile filament bearded at the tip. — Bot. Reg. t. 1260. P. procerus, 

 Dougl. ; Bot. Mag. t. 2954 ; the var. cxruleo-pwrpureus, Gray, 1. c. 



Moist grounds, common in the higher portions of the Sierra Nevada ; thence north to Wash- 

 ington Territory and east to the Rocky Mountains. Only violet- or blue-flowered forms yet found 

 in California, but some are pale. 



++++++++ Corolla dee}) and bright red, tubular, fully an inch long : the short lobes 

 or lips less spreading, hardly longer than the diameter of the throat : perfectly 

 glabrous plants : leaves thickish, all but the lowest closely sessile by a broadish 

 base, the upper pairs more or less cordate-clasping : stamens included : slender 

 sterile filament naked. 



16. P. centranthifolius, Benth. Glaucous, strict and virgate, very leafy, 1 to 

 3 feet high : leaves ovate-lanceolate or the lower lanceolate-oblong or narrower : 

 panicle narrow, commonly a foot or two long : pedicels slender : corolla very narrow- 

 tubular and obscurely bilabiate ; the short-oblong lobes alike except that the pos- 

 terior are united higher : anthers opening widely (in the usual way). — Hook. Bot. 

 Mag. t. 5142. 



Open and dry grounds, from Monterey ? and Santa Barbara southward. A showy species ; the 

 narrow corolla bright vermilion-colored. The name comes from the resemblance of the foliage to 

 that of Centranthus ruber. 



1 7. P. Eatoni, Gray. Hardly if at all glaucous, a foot or two high : leaves 

 from lanceolate to nearly ovate : panicle narrow and racemose, a span to a foot long : 

 corolla gradually a little broadening upwards ; the roundish-oval lobes nearly alike 

 except that the two of the upper lip are united higher, all nearly erect : cells of the 

 anther diverging from the fust or divaricate, never spreading open, the line of dehis- 

 cence stopping short of the apex. — Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 395. P. centranthifolius, 

 Watson, Bot. King Exp. 219. 



Open dry ground, from the southern part of the State ( Wallace) to Utah. Also a very showy 

 species, with broader corollas than the last, in color less verging to scarlet. It belongs to the 

 same group as P. barbatus (which is common in cultivation) and P. iinbcrbis, natives of the 

 southern Rocky Mountains and Northern Mexico. 



P. puniceus, Gray, is another red- flowered species in Arizona, but it has not been found very 

 near California. 



§ 2. Anthers horseshoe-shaped, reniform, or sagittate ; the cells opening from the con- 

 fluent apex down only to or below the middle, leaving the bases saccate (the 

 edges of the chink usually denticulate or bristly-ciliate). 



■-*. Leaves entire : corolla scarlet, tubular. 



18. P. Briclgesii, Gray. A foot or two high, np to the inflorescence glabrous : 

 leaves pale or glaucous, thickish, spatulate-lanceolate or linear, or the lowest ob- 

 long-spatulate ; the upper not broadened at base (as in the two preceding) : flowers 

 in a loose virgate naked panicle or raceme; the clusters 1-5-flowered: short pedun- 

 cles and pedicels as well as calyx somewhat glandular-pubescent : corolla slightly 

 and gradually enlarging upwards, an inch long ; the short lips 3 or 4 lines long, 

 upper one erect and 2-lobed at apex, the lower 3-parted and its oblong lobes recurved : 

 anthers deeply sagittate. — Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 379. 



Rocky banks. Yosemite Valley, &c. (Bridges, Bolnuder), to Kern Co. (Eotlirocle) ; and east- 

 ward to Bill Williams Mountain, in N. Arizona (Palmer), and S. W. Colorado, Brandegee. 



